Sino-US Economic And Trade Negotiations: Analyze The Differences In US Negotiation Strategies From The Perspective Of "audience Cost" (1989-2000)

This article aims to explore the China-US economic and trade negotiations between China and the United States in the 1990 s of "re-entry into WTO" negotiations in the 1990 s with China and the US-China negotiations on the protection of intellectual property rights.relationship.The first chapter of the article mainly summarizes the conclusions drawn by the senior scholars at home and abroad on relevant issues,and further deepens them on this basis and raises the main research questions of this article.The second chapter elaborates the two main lines of the development of Sino-US relations,which are also the two main lines running through the article,namely: the development of Sino-US political and economic relations.By describing the laws of Sino-US economic and trade development in various periods and the political situation between China and the United States during that period,it summarizes the characteristics of bilateral relations and extracts the logical clues of how politics plays a role in the economy in Sino-US bilateral relations.The third chapter is the main part of the full text,which further refines the conclusion of the second chapter.First,focus on the research object in the domestic politics of the United States,and according to different objects and their interrelationships and the role played in the entire political mechanism,Putnam's "two-layer game" framework to illustrate that in the international negotiations,the United States domestic The influence of political mechanisms on negotiation strategies.Secondly,through the consideration of the domestic political mechanism of the United States,combined with the analysis of James Fearon's "Audience Cost" theory,the impact of the "American Audience" on the foreign policy stance of the United States will be obtained.Finally,through the combination of factual cases of Sino-US economic and trade negotiations,it is concluded how the "American audience" determines the negotiation strategy of the US foreign economic and trade negotiations.The article selects two Sino-US economic and trade negotiations that took place in the 1990 s,almost simultaneously but with completely different negotiation strategies.By comparing the tough US stance on China 's human rights issues in the “Re-entry and WTO Accession” negotiations,from the process of “linking” it to the most-favored-nation treatment eligibility to “unlinking” and the negotiations on intellectual property protection issues between the two sides,the US side agreed to soften 1.The non-substantial agreement with which China has reached a "fake concession" can clearly and completely demonstrate the influence of the "US audience" in the US foreign trade negotiation strategy.