Research On The Role Of Xinxiangxian In Rural Governance

How to do a good job in rural governance has always been a problem for rural development.In the feudal society of China,the gentry played a positive role in rural governance and made some contributions.However,with the development of the times and the progress of the society,they gradually withdrew from the historical stage.In the context of the new socialist era,a group of people who loved the countryside and made selfless contributions to the countryside came into being.They are new rural elites.As one of the main bodies participating in rural governance at present,the new rural elites play an increasingly important role in rural governance.In this context,How distinguish and identify the new governance subject of the new rural elites? And how to evaluate their status and role in rural governance.The answers of the tow “How” is of great significance to improve rural governance and promote rural development,which is also the main work of this paper.This paper adopts literature research,comparative research,semi-structured interview and questionnaire survey.First of all,the domestic and foreign literature on the participation of rural gentry and new rural sages in rural governance is reviewed.Secondly,the concept of gentry,of new rural elites and of rural governance,governance theory,new public service theory and new public management theory of rural governance are elaborated.Thirdly,based on the interviews and literature,the evaluation system of the role of new rural elites is constructed.And the evaluation system is carried on the Anquan village of Shahe country,Dianjiang County,Chongqing city.According to the results of the evaluation,this paper analyzes the problems and the causes of the problems of new rural elites in participating in rural governance,and puts forward solutions to these problems.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:The new rural sages of Anquan village have played an active role in the rural governance,helped the villagers to increase their income to a certain extent,and promoted the development of the rural economy.Theyhave been recognized by most of the villagers,but also encountered some difficulties at the same time.After the statistics and processing of the questionnaires issued by the county-level departments,cadres in villages,village cadres and villagers,it is concluded that:First,in the first level indicators,promoting economic development has the greatest impact on the role of new rural elites in rural governance,followed by rural culture and participation in rural affairs.The important indicators are to promote employment,to provide agricultural technology support,to help villagers to get rich,and participate in public service.It can be told that in everyone's eyes the most important things is developing the rural economy and to participate in public service is also what everyone expects the new rural elites to do.Second,to advocate the civilization of the countryside,resolve the contradictions in the village and protect the places of interest(including public property)are the important indicators in the second level.These three indicators belong to the same first level,which are under the guidance of rural culture.If we do these well,we will be able to create a civilized and harmonious rural environment,form a rural culture of mutual aid,friendship and hard work,which will not only effectively attract the transfer of urban element resources to the countryside,but also stimulate the endogenous power of the countryside to a certain extent.And these will promote the prosperity of industry and provide excellent humanities for rural construction environment,and also,a beautiful new countryside and ecological livability would be realized.Third,the results of satisfaction survey on the governance role of new village elites in the village governance show that most of the villagers are relatively satisfied,which proves that new village elites play a positive role in the village governance at this stage.Fourth,the difficulties encountered by the new rural elites in participating in rural governance are mainly the lack of policy and financial support,the limitation of rural areas and resources,the low overall quality of the villagers,the lack of new rural elites' organizations,and the limitations and lack of diversity of their own conditions.Fifthly,the corresponding countermeasures are put forward in view of these problems: to create a good environment,to cultivate the new rural elites,to diligent in disciplined themselves,to help themselves-improvement,and to vigorously improve the cultural quality of the villagers.