The Investigation And Teaching Design Research On The Teaching Status Quo Of The Primary Function Problem Situation In Junior High Schools

Since the new curriculum reform,the problem situation teaching method has been favored by teachers and students.The problem situation teaching helps students to learn with the situation of thinking value.The linear function is an abstract concept,which makes students' concept change from constant mathematics to variable mathematics.It is a very important mathematical model in junior middle school,and it is also an important difficulty in students' learning and teachers' teaching.There are many researches on mathematical problem situations at home and abroad,but the use of problem situations must be adapted to local conditions and use selectively,according to different knowledge,students,teaching environment.The linear function is the difficulty of middle school teaching,problem situation is the hot spot of mathematics teaching method.The linear function problem situation teaching helps to improve the teaching level for teachers to teach and reduce the learning difficulty for students to learn.Guided by constructivism learning and teaching theory,Piaget's cognitive discovery theory,Vygotsky's theory of proximal development area,Osubel's cognitive assimilation theory and Socrates' midwifery,the paper conducts current teaching situation investigation and teaching design research by the classroom observation,questionnaire survey,the interview and teaching case analysis.The author found that there are the following problems in the linear function problem situation teaching:teachers have misunderstanding of problem situation teaching;the creation of a functional situation is a mere formality;the creation of a functional situation lacks subjectivity;the teacher neglects the differences between students;the teacher lacks the emotional communication with the students in teaching;and the students have a weak awareness of the problem and over-rely on the situation.In view of the problems found in the investigation,the author puts forward the matters needing attention and some suggestions for the implementation of the situation teaching design of the primary function problem.The following matters should be paid attention to in the design of the problem situation teaching:analyse the situation of learning,Set up the knowledge frame that accords with the students' proximal development area;focus on the life problem situation,strengthen the relation between the primary function and life;excavate the auxiliary function of multimedia teaching,realize the integration of mathematics teaching and information technology;"small step" problem situation,Construct the knowledge system step by step;infiltrate the mathematics thought method,highlight the mathematics activity experience.The author takes the two teaching designs of one function as an example to further explain the problems that should be paid attention to in the situation teaching design of the linear function problem.The author puts forward the following suggestions:creating problem situation on the basis of students' experience;creating problem situation by exploring activities;creating problem situation dynamically by multimedia;creating problem situation by excavating mathematics culture;teaching the method about how to ask questions and cultivating question consciousness of the students.