| Purposes:Social attacks and acts of violence can be a serious threat to people's physical and mental health and property safety.Attack behavior is associated with many social violence,such as violent attacks,violent crime,mental illness,and schizophrenia patients will also be aggressive.The research of attack behavior has been a hot topic in many fields.As for the study of aggressive behavior,neurobiology has been deep into the neurotransmitters,receptors,hormones,enzymes,growth factors,protein and other aspects.This paper aims to study the social environment and biological mechanism of attack behavior,to explore the causes of attack behavior,to seek the best intervention measures,and to minimize the harm of attack behavior.The nucleus accumbens and the striatum projection area are areas closely related to the midbrain and mood.One of the close studies on aggressive behavior is dopamine(DA).Studies have reported that the ability of dopamine synthesis decreased in brain of rat,and decrease of the content shows a higher tendency to attack behavior.Brain-induced neurotrophic factor(BDNF)regulates the body's emotion,learning and memory,attack and so on.The function of it is protecting the nervous system of the brain.The appropriate exercise can improve the expression of BDNF,protect the brain and improve the body's behavior.Sports can improve bad mood,and have less side effects than drug treatment,and can be a good way to alleviate the attack behavior.We have no idea weather exercise can regulate Dopamine D1 receptor(DRD1),dopamine D2 receptor(DRD2)protein expression to improve the attack behavior.In this study,the challenge behavior model of SD rats was established,and the mechanism of exercise challenge was investigated by 6 weeks of exercise intervention.The behavior of rats was investigated,including the behavior of rats,the mental state,learning ability,and BDNF?DRD1 and DRD2 proteins,which are closely related to the aggressive behavior in striatum of rats.Methods:In this study,54 healthy male SD(Sprague-Dawley,SD)rats were used in this study(proided by the Experimental Animal Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University).Animals were randomly divided into 5 groups,rest group(A = 8),attack group(B = 12),challenge model exercise group(C = 12),exercise group(D = 10),Invasion group(E =8).The model was established by using the following methods:the quiet group did not do any treatment,and the rats in the group were attacked.The model group,single cage feeding,and the rats were invaded for 3 weeks.The attack model was established and then the attack model was maintained.The rats were sacrificed in 3 weeks.After the establishment of the attack model,the attack model was maintained and the moderate intensity swimming exercise carried out for 6 weeks.The exercise group,the group and the middle intensity swimming exercise were 6 weeks.The invasion group,Single cage living in mice.Behavioral indicators using attack behavior detection,attack latency detection,open field experiment,water maze test,weight detection.Western blot was used to detect the expression of DRD1,DRD2 and BDNF protein in rats.The content of striatal and blood tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)were detected by immunoenzyme kit(ELLISA).Result:1.the results show that aggressive behavior and exercise intervention,will inhibit the weight gain in rats,four groups of rats,adapted to a week later,no difference in body weight.After the establishment of the challenge model,the weight of the attack group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the control group and the exercise group and the attack group There was no difference in model group.After 6 weeks of exercise,the weight of the attack model group was lower than that of the quiet control group(P<0.05).(P<0.01).There was no difference between the two groups in the exercise group and the exercise group(P<0.01).There was no difference between the exercise group and the exercise group.2.the statistical results show that the attack model is established,there is no difference between the attack model group and the attack model movement group,the number of attack detection statistics.There was no significant difference between the two groups after 2 weeks of exercise intervention.Compared with the attack group,the number of attack groups in the attack group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).After 6 weeks of exercise intervention,there was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.001)in the attack group compared with the attack model group.(P<0.05).Compared with the attack model group,the latency of the attack group was significantly different from that of the attack group(P<0.05).The latency of the attack group was significantly different from that of the attack model group(P<0.05).(P<0.01).Compared with the challenge model group,the latency of the attack group was longer than that of the attack group(P<0.01).Compared with the challenge model group,the latency of the challenge model group was prolonged P<0.001).(P<0.05).Compared with the model,the model group was divided into three groups:the control group,the model group,the model group,the model group,the model group,the model group,The number of attacks decreased and the latency of the attack was prolonged,and the difference was significant(P<0.001).3.the total distance of the open field,the number of upright results:rats to adapt to a week later,quiet group,attack model group,attack model exercise group,exercise group,four groups between the total distance of open field,the number of vertical results were no difference.(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the exercise group and the exercise group(P>0.05).There was no significant difference between the exercise group and the exercise group(P>0.05).There was no significant difference between the exercise group and the exercise group The(P<0.01),the total distance of the open field in the attacking model group was higher than that in the quiet group(P<0.01),and the total distance of the attacking model group was higher than that of the quiet group(P<0.01),but there was no difference in the number of standing numbers in the control group(P<0.01).4.positioning navigation and space exploration experiment:positioning navigation experiments,rats with the number of days of training,the incubation period of varying degrees of decline.After the establishment of the challenge model,the rats were analyzed after 4 days of learning,and the latency of the fourth day was different.Compared with the quiet control group,the model group was longer in the attack group than in the quiet control group(P<0.05)There was no difference in the control group.Compared with the quiet control group,the latency of the model group was longer(P<0.05)than that of the control group(P<0.05).After the establishment of the challenge model,the four groups of rats were explored,and the total distance,the number of times of the platform and the originalplatform quadrant were analyzed.Compared with the quiet control group,the total distance of the attack model group was higher than that of the quiet group(P<0.05),but the number of crossing the platform was lower than that of the quiet control group(P<0.05)There was no difference between exercise group and quiet control group.(P<0.05).Compared with the quiet control group,the total distance of the attack model group was high(P<0.05),the number of crossing the platform and the original platform quadrant run ratio were lower(P<0.05);attack model exercise group,total(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05)).5.The contents of TH in the striatum and striatum were the highest in the attack group and the highest in the exercise group.The exercise group was higher than the quiet control group.Compared with the quiet control group,the striatum TH in the attack group was lower,but there was no difference,the TH content in the blood was lower than that in the quiet group(P<0.01).The striatum and blood of the attack group were higher than the quiet control(P<0.05).The TH content in the blood was higher than that in the quiet group(P<0.01).Compared with the attack group,the model of exercise was higher than that of the control group The content of TH in the group was higher than that in the challenge group(P<0.001).The levels of TH in the striatum and blood of the exercise group were significantly higher than those in the exercise group(P<0.05).6.The expression of DRD1 protein in the striatum of the four groups was the highest in the motor group,the least in the model group and the model group was higher than that in the quiet group.(P<0.05).The expression of histone in the model group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the control group and the control group(P<0.01)(P<0.01).The exercise group was higher than the attack group(P<0.001).The exercise group was lower than the exercise group,but the difference was not significant.7.The expression of DRD2 protein in the striatum was the highest in the model group,and the model group was the least.(P<0.001).The exercise group was higher than that of the quiet control group(P<0.001),but there was no difference between the exercise group and the control group.Compared with the attack model group,the attack group The model group was lower than the attack group(P<0.01),and the exercise group was lower than the attack group(P<0.001).8.striatal BDNF expression,the highest exercise group,the lowest model group,the model group was higher than the quiet group.(P<0.001).The exercise group was higher than that of the quiet control group(P<0.001),and the exercise group was higher than that of the quiet control group(P<0.001),and the exercise group was higher than the quiet control group(P<0.001).There was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.001).The model group was significantly lower than that in the exercise group(P<0.001)Lower than the exercise group(P<0.01).9.striatal BDNF,DRD1,DRD2 protein correlation analysis showed that striatal BDNF protein expression and DRD1 protein expression was positively correlated(r =0.974,P<0.01);striatum BDNF protein expression and DRD2 protein expression(R =-0.684,P<0.01).The expression of DRD1 protein in striatum was negatively correlated with the expression of DRD2 protein(r =-0.606,P<0.01).(R =-0.977,P<0.01),DRD1 was negatively correlated with aggressive behavior(r =-0.935,P<0.01),and DRD2 was significantly correlated with aggressive behavior(r =-0.977,P<0.01),and DRD1 was negatively correlated with aggressive behavior(r =-0.935,P<0.01),DRD2(R = 0.989,P<0.01).(R = 0.982,P<0.01),DRD1 was positively correlated with the number of standing(r = 0.986,P<0.01).The number of BDNF was positively correlated with the number of standing times(r = 0.982,P<0.01)DRD2 was negatively correlated with the number of standing(r =-0.719,P<0.01).BDNF,DRD:1 and DRD2 were highly correlated,and the relationship between protein and behavior was highly correlated,indicating that the target protein was involved in the aggressive behavior of rats and the other behavior.Conclusion:1.6 weeks of moderate intensity swimming training can alleviate the attack behavior,improve the autonomy of aggressive rats and self_attention.2.The protein expression of DRD1 and BDNF was a negative correlation in the attack behavior of rat striatal.6 weeks of moderate swimming training could improve the expression of BDNF and DRD1 protein in the model group than that in the model group,and the behavior of the DRD1 protein was decreased and the learning and memory ability of the rats were decreased.3.The striatal DRD2 protein was positively correlated with the aggressive behavior,and was negatively correlated with learning ability.6 weeks of moderate swimming training can decrease the expression of DRD2 protein and the aggressive behavior.4.One of the mechanisms of moderate-intensity swimming exercise to alleviate the attack behavior of rats may be that the effects of exercise-induced BDNF and DRD1 protein expression,the inhibiting of DRD2 synthesis.At the same time BDNF can protect the neuroprotective effect,which can influence the aggressive behavior of rats. |
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