A Study On The Influence Of Problem Situations On The Redox Mental Model Of Gifted Students In Senior High Schools

Scottish psychologist Kenneth Craik put forward the theory of mental model in the 1940 s,which has been widely used in many fields such as cognitive psychology,philosophy and pedagogy.The research on mental model in education and teaching can not only help teachers to understand the operation of students’ implicit thinking deeply and accurately,but also help teachers to know the influence of internal and external factors on students’ mental model.So,what external factors affect students’ mental models?How do these factors affect students’ mental model? Taking REDOX as the knowledge carrier,this study designed REDOX problems in different situations to explore the influence of problem situations on students’ REDOX mental model.In this study,seven gifted high school students from four provincial-level standardized schools in Shandong Province,who are in the top 1% of the grade and have strong language expression ability,were selected as the subjects of study.Starting from the essence and characteristics of REDOX knowledge and combining with the needs of research,MMME detection method was improved to explore the mental model of REDOX: Improving the declarative test in MMME,using an image prompting method to carry out the REDOX declarative knowledge test,to explore the main REDOX knowledge of the subjects;Starting from these main REDOX knowledge,the interview outline was determined and semi-structured interviews were conducted to test students’ explanatory knowledge of REDOX knowledge.Based on the Thinking aloud technology,Guided the subjects to complete the REDOX concept map by themselves,explored and analyzed the structured and networked REDOX knowledge in the minds of the subjects,and then determined the REDOX mental model of the subjects.Finally,a questionnaire for REDOX questions in different situations was prepared.The 7 subjects were tested by using the thinking aloud technique,and their answers were analyzed to explore the effects of different question situations on the REDOX mental model of the subjects.The results show that:(1)The comparison of reaction process,oxidation and reductivity are the most important dimension factors affecting students’ REDOX mental model;(2)the problem situation had little effect on the REDOX mental model with electronic gain-loss dimension;(3)The dimension of response process is that the mental model of "gain and loss plus valence" of Electronics changes and keeps consistent with the change of the problem situation,which is greatly influenced by the problem situation.The innovative points of the study are as follows: firstly,improving MMME testing technology to form a systematic and qualitative research method;secondly,putting forward therepresentation method of REDOX mental model,which has certain theoretical innovation;thirdly,putting forward the influence mechanism of problem situation on students’ REDOX mental model,which provides a new basis for REDOX teaching.