Research On The Impact Of Environmental Regulations On Employment In Our Country

With the improvement of China’s economic development level,the deterioration of ecological environment is becoming more and more serious.At the same time,people’s quality of life continues to improve,and it is increasingly difficult to tolerate the behavior of polluting the environment.Therefore,the government is required to increase investment in environmental pollution control and enhance the intensity of environmental regulation.However,some people worry that strengthening environmental protection may lead to rising production costs and unemployment of a large number of workers,which is not conducive to economic development and employment stability.Employment is the policy of stabilizing the country and an important source of people’s lives.The rising unemployment rate will not only slow down economic growth,but also bring about social unrest and other issues.Ensuring employment has always been an important goal of the government’s macro-control.Therefore,in the context of large-scale environmental governance work,it is of great significance to clarify the employment effect of environmental regulation.The study of the relationship between the two will contribute to the improvement of environmental quality and the improvement of employment level.Firstly,this paper combs the mechanism of environmental regulation affecting employment from the theoretical level,then from the perspective of spatial spillover of environmental regulation,studies the labor demand effect caused by the interaction of regional environmental regulation,and discusses in detail the main path of spatial spillover of environmental regulation affecting labor demand.On this basis,the dynamic panel model and the spatial panel Durbin model are constructed based on 180 urban panel data from 2003 to 2017.The impact of environmental regulation on employment in China is empirically examined by using system GMM and ML estimation methods.In general,there is a significant U-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and employment level and employment skill structure.That is to say,lower environmental regulation level is not conducive to employment growth,but when the intensity of environmental regulation increases to a certain level,it will promote employment,and environmental regulation can inhibit and promote employment.There is a significant spatial dependence on labor demand,and there is a consistent competition between regional environmental regulation policies.Environmental regulation has a significant spatial spillover effect on employment,and the direction of spillover effect varies with the level of environmental regulation.When the level of regulation is low,environmental regulation will have a negative spillover effect on employment through spatial spillover,while when the level of regulation is high,it will promote the level of employment skills structure in the region.From the regional level,the relationship between environmental regulation and employment is basically the same in all regions,but the impact of environmental regulation and spatial spillover effect on employment is different in different regions.The enlightenment of this paper lies in the following:on the one hand,the government should continuously improve the level of environmental regulation,protect pollution control,give full play to the role of environmental regulation in screening the economy,optimize industrial structure and quality,so as to meet the double challenges of environment and employment;on the other hand,it should adopt differentiated environmental regulation strategy,improve compensation mechanism,and adopt cooperation among local governments on environmental protection issues.Non-competitive strategies to achieve mutual promotion in employment.