Analysis Of The Impact Of Manufacturing Intelligence On Labor Employment

As an important pillar of national economic development,the role of manufacturing industry in promoting economic development is self-evident.Since the outbreak of the financial crisis in 2008,developed countries have realized the importance of the real economy as the cornerstone of the national economy,and have successively launched the corresponding "re-industrialization" strategy,which has triggered the trend of "high-end return" of the international manufacturing industry,which has impacted the development of China’s manufacturing industry to a certain extent.Under the premise of the continuous development of automation technologies such as artificial intelligence,the application of automation technologies such as industrial robots in the manufacturing industry is an effective means to improve productivity and competitiveness.At the same time,the trend of "machine substitution" under the development of intelligent manufacturing will profoundly affect labor employment.Employment has always been a focus topic in Chinese society.The 2019 government work report emphasizes that employment is the foundation of people’s livelihood.The report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that high-quality employment is one of the keys to realizing the needs of people’s better life.Under the objective fact that the aging process of the Chinese population is accelerating,factors such as insufficient effective labor supply and rising labor costs will promote the expansion of the application scale of automation technologies such as artificial intelligence in the manufacturing industry.This means that under the urgent need to avoid structural unemployment caused by the intelligent development of the manufacturing industry,it is very important to analyze the impact of the intelligent development of China’s manufacturing industry on labor employment.It is noteworthy that socio-economic phenomena are somewhat correlated in time and space.Therefore,under the background of the imbalance of China’s regional economic development and the difference in the development of regional manufacturing intelligence,it is necessary to analyze the above problems in the spatial dimension,and the analysis results are conducive to promoting the coordinated development of regional manufacturing intelligence and labor employment stability.In summary,under the international background of complex and changeable international situation and rising uncertainty risks,and in the critical period when China’s economy has entered a driving force transformation,this paper takes the new round of globalization development as the background,takes the total employment of the labor force,employment skill structure and employment quality as the key research entry point,takes spatial correlation analysis as an important research support point,takes spatial spillover effect as the core research and analysis point,and takes the application of industrial robots as a measurement index for the intelligent development of manufacturing industry.This paper deeply analyzes the impact of intelligent manufacturing development on labor employment in the spatial dimension,and provides feasible suggestions for promoting the coordinated development of manufacturing intelligence and employment stability within and between regions.In view of this,the research content of this thesis includes the following four parts: The first part,in the first and second chapters,by analyzing the development status of China’s manufacturing intelligence,defining the core concepts,combing the relevant research literature at home and abroad,and exploring the theoretical basis of the thesis,to avoid conceptual confusion,sort out the research context,clarify the meaning and purpose of the research,and consolidate the theoretical basis of the research.The second part,the analysis part.This part is divided into two parts:mechanism analysis and spatial characteristics analysis,the former focusing on Chapter 3 and the latter in Chapter 4.In the third chapter,the influence mechanism of intelligent development of manufacturing on total employment,labor employment skill structure and labor employment quality is analyzed in depth,and the internal mechanism of the spillover effect of intelligent development of manufacturing industry on labor employment space is systematically analyzed.In the fourth chapter,the spatial data analysis method is used to deeply analyze the spatial characteristics of manufacturing intelligence and labor employment,so as to understand the regional differences and evolution of manufacturing intelligence and labor total employment,employment quality and employment skill structure.The third part,the empirical part.Based on the availability and completeness of data,this part uses the panel data of 30provincial-level administrative regions(excluding Tibet Autonomous Region,Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)in China from 2003 to 2019 as research samples,and comprehensively explores the spatial spillover effect of intelligent development of manufacturing industry on total labor employment,labor employment skill structure and labor employment quality.The content of this part concentrates on Chapter 5,Chapter 6 and Chapter 7 respectively.The fourth part is the conclusion and recommendation part.On the basis of sorting out and summarizing the research conclusions of the full text,this part puts forward suggestions that are conducive to promoting the intelligent development of the manufacturing industry and stabilizing employment.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:First of all,on the whole,between 2003 and 2019,the intelligent development of manufacturing has a certain consistency on the intra-regional spillover effect and inter-regional spatial spillover effect regardless of type,manufacturing and total labor employment in the service industry.Specifically,the intelligent development of local manufacturing is conducive to the employment of local labor.However,due to the limitations of neighboring areas to the absorption capacity of automation technologies such as industrial robots,the intelligent development of local manufacturing may not be conducive to the expansion of labor employment space in neighboring areas to a certain extent.At the same time,the intelligent development of local manufacturing industry inhibits the employment of the overall manufacturing labor force in the region in an average sense.In terms of phased characteristics,compared with the manufacturing industry,with the improvement of the intelligent development of the manufacturing industry,its spatial spillover effect on the total employment of the labor force in the service industry is more significant.Second,on the whole,between 2003 and 2019,the spatial effects of intelligent manufacturing development on the employment of high-skill,middle-skilled and low-skilled labor are different.For the high-skilled labor force,the intelligent development of local manufacturing is conducive to the employment of local high-skilled labor,and the impact on the employment of high-skilled labor in neighboring areas is not significant for the time being.For the middle-skilled labor force,in the short term,the intelligent development of local manufacturing industry is conducive to expanding the employment space of the local and neighboring middle-skilled labor force.In the long run,with the increase of the replacement of middle-skilled labor by automation technologies such as industrial robots,the intelligent development of local manufacturing will not be conducive to the employment of middle-skilled labor in local and neighboring areas.For low-skilled labor,at this stage,the impact of intelligent development of manufacturing industry on their employment in the spatial dimension is not significant.In terms of regional characteristics,in the eastern region,the intelligent development of manufacturing industry from 2003 to 2019 has significant spatial effects on the employment of high-skilled labor and middle-skilled labor,the spatial effect decomposition results of the former show that under the limitation of factors such as the spillover effect of intelligent spatial technology in manufacturing,the intelligent development of local manufacturing can not positively affect the employment of local and neighboring high-skilled labor at the same time,and the spatial effect decomposition results of the latter are consistent with the decomposition results of the whole sample.In the Yangtze River Midstream Comprehensive Economic Zone in the central region,the spatial spillover effect of intelligent manufacturing development on the employment of high-skilled labor from 2003 to 2019 is the same as that in the eastern region.In the central region,the intra-regional spillover effect and inter-regional spatial spillover effect of intelligent manufacturing development on the employment of middle-skilled labor from 2003 to 2019 are the same as those of the whole sample.In the western region,the spatial spillover effect of intelligent manufacturing development on the employment of middle-skilled labor from 2003 to 2019 is not significant.Finally,From 2003 to 2019,the intra-regional spillover effect and inter-regional spatial spillover effect of intelligent development of manufacturing industry on labor employment quality are different.Specifically,the intelligent development of local manufacturing industry is conducive to promoting the employment quality of local labor force.However,due to such factors as the extent of the spillover effect of intelligent space technology in the manufacturing industry,the Territory’s ability to absorb automation technologies such as industrial robots,and the rationalization and upgrading of the Territory’s industrial structure,the intelligent development of the local manufacturing industry is not conducive to the improvement of the employment quality of the Territory’s labor force to a certain extent.Moreover,the spatial spillover effect of the intelligent development of the local manufacturing industry on the quality of labor employment is consistent in the short and long term.