Land Type Classification At 1:100,000 Scale

Land resources are vital to human beings.With the population growth,the contradiction between the increasingly human needs and the limited land resources is becoming prominent.The human-land conflict caused by irrational exploitation of resources has seriously threatened the foundation of human life.It is found that land type research comprehensively reveals the characteristics and differentiation of physical geographic components and human geographic components in study area.Therefore,Land type research provides sound frameworks for building a harmonious human-land relationship based on local conditionsConstructing land type classification system is basis for land type research,which is the foundation of revealing characteristics of land complex and exploring carrying capacity of regional resources.Due to the complexity of land type research,land type classification systems are different with each other’s.So far,most studies have focused on the physical geographic properties of land complex at macro-scales,which weakening the effect of human activities on land type differentiation."1:1,000,000 Land type Mapping Specification in China" was published in 1980s based on extensive studies on land type classification.This specification standardized the classification system and map symbol system of land type.However,there is no consensus on the land type research at meso-scale and large-scale,making the classification systems and symbol systems are different.Integrating natural and socio-economic attributes of land resources to construct a unified land type classification system is the basis for land type research.Therefore,multi-source spatial data sets of land resources were integrated in this study,and a classification system was constructed by using spatial analysis methods of geographic information science at 100,000 scale.According to the classification system,land type research can be promoted from macro-scale to meso-scale and large-scale.Then,we take Changzhou City as an example to classify land types.By studying the previous land type mapping standards and studies,we constructed semantic relationships between classification systems and map symbols,and drew 1:100,000 land type map in Changzhou.In addition,to follow the "practical principal" and enhance the role of land type research in subsequent researches such as land evaluation,this study combined the results of land type classification and the InVEST model,estimated grain production capacity in Changzhou with the influence of water yield and the quality of ecological environment.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)Land type classification.Following "comprehensive,dominant and practical principles",merging multi-source spatial data sets of land resources,a classification system based on "geomorphological type,soil type,land use type,and land use intensity" at 100,000 scale was constructed.The multi-scale segmentation,point pattern analysis and other spatial analysis methods were involved in classification system construction.Based on this system,we delineated 3 primary land types,38 secondary land types,and 171 land types tertiary land types in Changzhou.The results systematically summarized the attributes of land resources in Changzhou.By integrating the natural and socio-economic attributes of land resources,this land type classification system makes up for the inadequacy of the macro-scale land type studies which are difficult to apply to approach the human-land conflicts due to the fact that the classification systems only focuses on the physical geographic components.(2)Land type map representation.To convey the information of land complex effectively by paper map,this study constructed the relationship between visual variablcs and map symbols.According to this relationship,symbol system which"determined basic tones by land use,and reflects geographic background by using shading map" was developed.Meanwhile,"1:1,000,000 Land Type Mapping Specification in China" and other mapping standards were carried forward to design symbol system.This symbol system provides a technical reference for the representation of land type at meso-scale,which can promote the meso-scale and large-scale land type map representation study.Then,we take Changzhou City as an example to design symbol system,elements of expression,mathematical basis,map configuration and other elements of land type map at 100,000 scale.(3)Grain production capacity estimation based on the land type map of Changzhou City.Based on the land type classification unit and InVEST model,this study estimated the grain production capacity under the influence of human activities and ecological environment,which were used to gradually revise the theoretical grain production capacity.The results show that the annual grain production capacity of Changzhou City is 1,155.1 thousand tons.The difference in ecological environment and human activities cause slightly increase of grain production capacity of Changzhou City.The western and southern parts of Changzhou are the "hot spots" of grain production capacity.The grain production of central urban areas was obvious"cold spots" in Changzhou.This method weakens the inadequacy of existing grain production capacity estimation studies,which are difficult to compare with each other because the difference of evaluation units and evaluation models.