| Influenced by the rest schedule and climate,tourists travel during the year as a calendar arrangement with higher popularity or additional revenue at a specific point in time or time,which is called Calendar Effect in tourism.Calendar Effect is an opportunity and challenge to the development of tourism,it's not only the regular phenomenon of travel time choice,but also the normalization phenomenon of the uneven distribution of tourism reception.The detailed analysis and testing of the Calendar Effect is of great significance for the tourism industry to manage the reception from the supply side and realize healthy and stable development.The scenic spot is the core department of tourism,and the scenic spots around cities are favorable for the public leisure tourism,which is a major trend of scenic spot tourism at present.This paper focuses on the systematic study of tourism Calendar Effect from the time regularity of tourism activities.Taking 4A-Grade natural scenic spot Cuihua Scenic Spot and artificial landscape Qinling Wildlife Park as a case,selecting the daily tourists datas from 2013 to 2016 and 2014 to 2016,basing on the high-resolution observation of tourists "Peak-Forest"structure,to identify and define the Weekend Effect,Holiday Effect and Seasonal Effect,and analyze and measure them according to the effect models.In addition,the causes and regularities of the Calendar Effect arc explored by questionnaire survey and correlation analysis.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)There is a remarkable Weekend Effect in Cuihua scenic spot and Qinling Wildlife Park.The Weekend Effect of Cuihua Scenic Spot is divided into summer half year and winter half year:134.9%-212.7%in summer and 1.5%-135.7%in winter,the Saturday Effect is slightly higher than the Sunday Effect,and the overall difference is not significant.The Weekend Effect of Qinling Wildlife Park are divided into three types,spring tour,summer season,and autumn-winter:193.1%-286.5%in spring tour,45.9%-84.3%in summer season,121.8%-195.2%in autumn-winter,the Sunday Effect is slightly higher than the Saturday Effect,and the overall difference is not significant.(2)There is a remarkable Holiday Effect in Cuihua Scenic Spot and Qinling Wildlife Park.While the Three-Day Holiday Effects reach the maximum on the second day,the Seven-Day Holiday Effects are getting a larger value on the second to fifth days.According to the actual effect of holiday is whose value relatived to weekend,we can find the Three-Day Holiday Effects in Cuihua Scenic Spot are as follows:May Day is 2.66,Dragon Boat Festival is 2.54,New Year's Day is 2.50,Tomb-sweeping Day is 1.33,Mid-Auturmn Festival is 1.31,in Qinling Wildlife Park are as follows:May Day is 6.48,Dragon Boat Festival is 2.69,New Year's Day is 2.22,Tomb-sweeping Day is 2.03,Mid-Autumn Festival is 1.80.The Spring Festival effect in Cuihua Scenic Spot is 0-2,National Day effect is 2-13,while the effect in Qinling Wildlife Park is respectively 2-6 and 10-30.(3)There is a remarkable Seasonal Effect in Cuihua scenic spot and Qinling Wildlife Park.The seasonal distribution of a year in Cuihua Scenic Spot is "W-U" curve,the effects from 2013 to 2016 is between 4.46 and 5.25,the overall trend is decreasing,and the climate comfort and festivals are the main causes of Seasonal Effects.The seasonal distribution of a year in Qinling Wildlife Park is "M-W" curve,the effects from 2014 to 2016 is between 4.84 and 5.16,the overall trend is also decreasing,and the climate comfort,festivals and summer holiday are the main causes of Seasonal Effects.(4)The time preference of tourists is the main reason of Calendar Effect in tourism.Based on the questionnaire survey,31.5%of tourists tend to travel on weekends,while 40.6%on holidays,besides,57.6%tourists and 28.8%tourists prefer to travel on spring or autumn.Urban residents is the core source of the urban peripheral tourism.Under the background of public leisure tourism and the restriction of double rest system,the Weekend Effect in scenic spots around cities is highly significant because fitting with the urban residents demands.(5)There are regularities in Calendar Effect.On the types,the mountain scenic spot has significant Saturday Effect compared with plain scenic spot.On the levels,the lower level scenic spot has higher significant Weekend Effect and smaller differences between Saturday Effect and Sunday Effect.On the structure of tourists sources,the wider tourists market scenic spot has smaller Weekend Effect.On the latitude position,the higher latitude scenic spot has higher significant Seasonal Effect.The innovations of this research are:Firstly,it is systematically proposing that the Calendar Effect is the time regularity of tourist activities under the influences of rest schedule and climate,and also pointing out that the effect is reflected in Weekend Effect,Holiday Effect and Seasonal Effect,therefore,it enriches the research content of tourism Calendar Effect theoretically.Secondly,this paper constructs the measurement models of the three effects,and qualitatively analysing and quantitatively measuring three effects by taking medium-grade scenic spots Cuihua Scenic Spot and Qinling Wildlife Park around Xi'an as examples,it provides theoretical basis and method supporting for related researches.Thirdly,based on questionnaire and comparative analysis,it discusses the causes and regularity of Calendar Effect,especially the causes of significant Weekend Effect in urban peripheral tourism,it provides reference to deal with Calendar Effect for scenic spots. |
PDF Full Text Request