The Supply Of Urban Tourism Elements And The Utilization Rate Of Production Capacity

The industrial policy not only drives the development of tourism,but also causes a surge in investment and factor mismatch,which leads to the decrease of tourist reception in tourist attractions and occupancy rate in hotels in some areas.In the era of mass tourism,the proportion of local tourism increases significantly,and local tourists basically do not live in hotels and do not go to high level scenic spots,which aggravates the mismatch between tourism supply and demand.Therefore,the study on tourism capacity utilization has become a hot topic.Tourism is the tertiary industry,production and consumption are simultaneity,which determines the capacity utilization calculation method and evaluation criteria are difference from other industries.To be specific,the actual output of tourism is the effective demand of tourists for tourism products,the production capacity of tourism is the largest tourist reception of tourism products,tourism capacity utilization is the ratio of the two,but there is no capacity utilization rate of 1 so that we can't take the value of 1 as the criterion of tourism overcapacity or not.Shaanxi and Shandong are major tourism provinces in China,and they are the models of tourism development in northwest inland and eastern coastal areas so that taking these two provinces as an example to discuss the correlation between key elements supply and tourists demand of urban tourism,and capacity utilization has important theoretical and practical significance for enriching the research on the tourism capacity utilization,guiding the development of regional tourism and promoting the structural reform of tourism supply side.On the basis of the concept of capacity utilization,tourism system theory,supply-demand balance theory and supply-side reform theory,this paper tentatively put forward the concept of tourism capacity utilization and evaluated the reception capacity of star hotels in our country,constructed a concept model that is more in line with the actual development of urban tourism in China,tourism capacity utilization calculation model and evaluation criteria.In addition,this paper systematically collected tourism statistical data of Shaanxi and Shandong provinces from 2005 to 2015 to carry out empirical research.Specifically,based on the analysis of the correlation between key elements supply and tourists demand of urban tourism,the paper preliminarily estimated tourism capacity utilization,and compared the laws shown by the two provinces.The main contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)In terms of the correlation between key elements supply and tourists demand in urban tourism,Shaanxi and Shandong provinces urban tourism development varies.Besides,there is a positive correlation between tourism resources attraction and tourists:inbound tourism shows a quadratic curve,while domestic tourism shows a linear relationship.Moreover,the relationship between star hotels reception and tourists is quite different:Shaanxi has formed two groups and Xi 'an alone into a class,while Shandong star hotels reception ability and inbound tourists for the quadratic curve relationship,the domestic tourists show a linear relationship.(2)In terms of capacity utilization in tourism,Shaanxi and Shandong provinces each prefecture-level city's a-class scenic spots capacity utilization has significant difference:Shaanxi Yulin,Shangluo,Ankang,Xianyang and Shandong Rizhao,Tai 'an,Jinan,Zibo,Jining a-class scenic spots supply is insufficient.On the contrary,Shaanxi Tongchuan,Xi'an a-class scenic spots supply is slightly more,Shandong Zaozhuang,Linyi,Dongying,Weifang a-class scenic spots supply too much,excess capacity is serious.Besides,star hotels capacity utilization is generally not high,which are lower than the international break-even standard:Shaanxi most cities star hotels capacity utilization rate mean value is concentrated in 53.45%-55.14%and Shandong star hotels capacity utilization rate mean value the most concentrated range is 54.68%-57,31%at this stage.(3)Comparative analysis:? Shaanxi and Shandong provinces urban tourism scale can be divided into many types and the difference of tourism development level in Shandong province is greater than that in Shaanxi province.?The degree of domestic tourists influenced by tourism resources attraction in Shaanxi is greater than that in Shandong:the tourist resources attraction increases by one unit,and domestic tourists increases by 62.044 units.?Shaanxi star hotels reception ability and tourists form two groups while Shandong star hotels reception ability and tourists,relationship can be simulated by regression equation.? Shaanxi and Shandong provinces a-class scenic spots capacity utilization is insufficient and overcapacity coexist and the capacity utilization of a-class scenic spots in Shandong province is lower than that in Shaanxi province from 2014 to 2015.? Shaanxi and Shandong province star hotels capacity utilization is generally not high and the capacity utilization of star hotels in Shaanxi is lower than that in Shandong province from 2014 to 2015.There are two innovations in this paper:(1)A new concept model is constructed which is more in line with the actual development of urban tourism in China,and the reception ability of star hotels is evaluated tentatively.(2)The concept of tourism capacity utilization is preliminary put forward.Besides,the difference between tourism and other fields capacity utilization is preliminary pointed out,and the calculation model of tourism capacity utilization as well as the evaluation criteria of overcapacity is preliminary given.In addition,there are still some shortcomings in this paper.We need to build a new calculation model that takes the level and types of scenic spots and hotels into account,and form the evaluation criteria of overcapacity which is in line with the actual development of tourism in China to be improved.