The Meaning Space Of Ethnic Tourism Community And Its Tourism Development Response

The western region of China is a multi-ethnic area with unique ethnic and local characteristics.However,the development of these areas has been relatively slow because of the geographical location and other reasons.In the past decades,the rural tourism based on local national culture and natural resources has become an important method to get rid of poverty and achieve urbanization in these rural areas.The development of rural tourism has made great contributions to the local economy,but at the same time,there have been many problems,resulting in significant changes in the natural and cultural environment of the local minority communities.The environment is connected with the meaning,and the meaning is also a reflection of the complex relationship between people and the environment.Through the study of place meaning and the analysis of residents' attitude to the tourism development of the community,we can understand the effect of the local community which caused by tourism development,and also understand the cause of these issues.The study can help to build a harmonious community of ethnic minorities and the healthy development of local tourism.This study choose Xijiang Miao village group in Guizhou as an example,through the method of semi-structured interviews and participatory mapping to analyze the local minority community.Finally,we get 200 effective questionnaires and 2155 data points obtained by the participatory mapping.It includes 1061 place meaning data points,679 negative attitude(not supported)data points,and 415 positive attitude(support)data points.Through qualitative analysis of the research material,we summed up the dimensions of the place meaning of local community residents and the dimensions of positive and negative attitude.By the means of GIS method,we analyze the spatial characteristics of data points,and build the tourism development response model,identify the advantage area and problem area of tourism development,also tease out the relationship between the place meaning and attitude.This paper provides a new way for the attitude expression of the ethnic village community and the understanding of the related problems.Through the study,conclusions are drawn as follows:(1)The place meaning perceived by local residents is divided into 5 categories:life security,local features,life convenience,emotional connection and tourism development.Among them,the proportion of three categories of life security,local features and life convenience is more prominent.In spatial distribution,the area where the overall place meaning density value are higher than other places are situated in Xijiang high school,Museum and Reed Pipe field.By the spatial clustering method,we get 5 kinds of clustering types in different regions as follows:?life security—emotional connection—life convenience(?),distributed in Xijiang high school,?local features—life security—life convenience(?),mainly in the West Village Gate Sightseeing Stand,Museum,Reed-Pipe Field,Bronze Drum Dancing Field and the Religious Sacrifice Master's home,?tourism development—local features—life convenience(?),mainly in the Folk Singing and Dancing Stage,?life convenience—life security—local features(?),near the bus station ?other(?),there is no prominent subject type.We found that the place meaning has significant spatial characteristics,which are closely related to the daily activities of the community residents.(2)The number of negative attitude points towards tourism development is obviously higher than the number of positive attitude points.The positive attitude of residents,perception are divided into 4 categories,namely:cultural publicity,environmental aesthetics,life improvements,and facility conveniency.The overall proportion is more balanced,which cultural publicity has the highest proportion.The area where have high density values of positive attitude are distributed in the West Village Gate Sightseeing Stand,Museum,Folk Singing and Dancing Stage,No.2 and No.3 Fengyu bridge.The negative attitude of residents' perception are divided 5 categories,inconveniences,improper development and mismanagement have the greatest proportion.The area of highest density value of overall negative attitude are mainly in the Folk Singing and Dancing Stage,bus station,No.3 Fengyu bridge and the Xijiang Town government.The residents' attitude to tourism development also has obvious spatial dependence.The high value locations of positive attitude are all new scenic spots after the tourism development.The high value area of negative attitude is the place where seriously affects the daily life of local people.Different attitudes are combined with different locations and interactive contents of people and places.(3)Tourism development response model divide two types of dominant area in the tourism development process.The West Village Gate Sightseeing Stand and Museum are representative of advantage area which both belongs to the second cluster type with local features as the main meaning.These two locations correspond to the culture publicity and the environmental aesthetics in the positive attitude category.In the negative attitude category,these two locations are corresponding to the improper development.The location in the advantage area are newly-built after tourism development,it can fully reflect the national characteristics and display the Miao culture to the outside world.The Folk Singing and Dancing Stage,Xijiang high school,bus station and the Xijiang Town government are representative of problem area.The Folk Singing and Dancing Stage belongs to the third type of cluster zone which taking tourism development as the main meaning,and correspond to the mismanagement and the inconveniences in the negative attitude category.Xijiang high school belongs to the first type of cluster zone which taking life security as the main meaning,and correspond to the inconveniences in the negative attitude category.The bus station belongs to the fourth type of cluster zone which taking life convenience as the main meaning,and correspond to the traffic congestion in the negative attitude category.The problem area is a region that has a bad effect on the lives of the local community residents.