| With the development of economic globalization,factor of production is reallocated in various countries and regions through intermediate inputs,which plays an important role in the economic development of a country.Since China's reform and opening up,intermediate services import and trade in services have made rapid development,and the proportion of trade in services in world trade has increased rapidly.However,it is not optimistic that the WTO data show that the scale of China's service exports and imports are the fifth and second in the world respectively,indicating that the competitiveness of China's service trade is insufficient.Moreover,China's service trade has been in deficit for many years and its scale has been expanding,especially in a series of events in 2016,such as Brexit,Trump's election as President of the United States and the failure of the Italian constitutional referendum and trade protectionism reflected in the interweaving of Western populism.And the deficit situation may be more prominent under the background of the international market against the trend of economic globalization,the domestic market with the huge downward pressure on the economy and the trade protectionism reflected in the interweaving of Western populism.China urgently needs to expand service exports,and change the situation of deficit in service trade.Therefore,this paper uses the method of combining theoretical analysis with empirical analysis to study the impact of intermediate services import on the value-added of China's services exports,expecting to improve the scale and quality of China's service exports through intermediate services import,solve the problems,such as China's service trade deficit,lower trade proportion,lower export value added in China's trade and unreasonable trade structure,and enhance the status of China's service industry in world service trade.This paper focuses on using the method of combining qualitative and quantitative analysis with theoretical and empirical analysis to research the impact of China's intermediate services import on the export value-added of the China service industry.This paper is mainly divided into six parts.The first part is the introduction,explaining the background and significance of this study,reviewing the main contents of relevant literature about intermediate goods trade and export at home and abroad,introducing the research contents and methods of this paper,as well as possible innovations and shortcomings.The second part introduces the relevant theoretical basis of the paper,including Classical Trade Theory,H-O Theory,New Trade Theory and product life cycle theory.The third part analyzes the current situation and problems of China's service trade and the intermediate services import,and concludes that while the scale of China's service trade is expanding,China's service trade is in a perennial deficit compared with the trade statistics from the perspective of the "added value",some problems come into being,such as the "virtual height" of service industry export by the traditional trade statistics,lower export value added in China's trade,the lack of export sector and imbalance of internal structures,and a series of problems with smaller proportion and unreasonable utilization structure of China's services import.The fourth part is the analysis of the active mechanism of intermediate services import on the value-added of service industry export in China.According to the theoretical basis of this paper,the mechanism of how the intermediate services import and other controlled variables affect the value-added of service industry export is analyzed step by step.The fifth part conducts an empirical study on the impact of the intermediate services import on the value added of China's service industry.According to the mechanism of the fourth part,it mainly analyzes the influence of the import value of intermediate services import,foreign direct investment,economies of scale,comparative advantage factors and factor endowments on export value added.On the basis of status quo and problems analysis in the third part and the empirical analysis in the fifth part,the sixth part draws the conclusions of this study and puts forward the policy proposals to expand the export of China's service industry.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:Firstly,through the summary of the current situation of the third chapter,we find that some problems exist in both China's service trade and the import of intermediate goods in service industry.On one hand,although the scale of China's service exports is expanding,the ability of improving domestic value added in China's service industry is lower.The value-added rate of China's service industry export is increasing slowly,and the quality of service industry exports has not been improved.Apart from the lack of serious departments of China's service industry during participating in the global value chains specialization,the development of the existing service sector is also seriously unbalanced and there is structural imbalance within the service sector.On the other hand,the scale of intermediate services import in China's service industry is growing,but the intermediate services import of China's service industry has a small proportion and large differences in industry distribution.Secondly,China's service industry,as a fast-growing field,has also attracted a large amount of intermediate services into the industry while promoting economy,employment and trade.While importing intermediate services into China,which has brought advanced technology and abundant capital from other countries.These factors will drive the improvement of China's technological level and the ability of independent innovation,and further increase the scale of value added of export in China's service industry.Therefore,the intermediate services import is one of the effective ways to increase the export value added of China's service industry.Thirdly,apart from the significant positive effect of the intermediate services import on the export value-added of China's service industry,all these values including the foreign direct investment,industry scale,R&D level,labor factor compensation and capital labor ratio of China's service industry increase take positive effects.Dynamic regression analysis shows that the increase in the value added of export has a dynamic cumulative effect.Besides,after taking the lagged variable of into consideration,the intermediate services import of China also has a significant positive effect on the export value-added of service industry.Compared with the previous literature,the innovations of this paper mainly focus on the following three points:First of all,according to the research of scholars at home and abroad,the main factors affecting the value added of trade include:foreign direct investment,economies of scale,comparative advantage and factor endowment.However,under the vertical division of labor system,as the intermediate services import has a significant impact on the value added of exports,this paper adds the influencing factor of the intermediate services import.In addition,this paper is based on the latest method to measure the export added value of China's service industry.Taking advantage of WWZ model provided by Wang et al.(2013)to calculate the value added of exports in this paper.The measurement provides a new and comprehensive computational framework that enables complete decomposition of export trade from multiple levels,including bilateral/industrial sectors,national/industrial sectors,and it is more specific and more detailed than previous studies.Hence it is used to accurately calculate the overall added value and the added value of the department.Eventually,according to the WIOD,the reason why choosing the value added of service industry exports to reflect the scale of China's service industry exports and describe the overall development of China's service industry and various sub-sectors under the global value chain is that reflects some problems in the exports of China's service industry more realistically and clearly. |
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