| In the past 20 years,the continuous growth of world trade and the deepening of economic globalization have enabled the production factors such as capital,information and technology to be deployed in various regions of the world,thus contributing to the continuous growth of the world economy.With the globalization of economy and the transformation of production technology,the form of world trade has gradually changed from traditional inter-industry trade to intra-industry trade,and then to the global value chain division of labor with the division of labor as the core.Due to the backwardness of technology and the low cost of resources such as labor,developing countries often embed the global value chain division system from the assembly value of low value-added assembly,and then gradually seek to develop to the upper end of the value chain.China's manufacturing industry has joined the global value chain division of labor in the form of processing and assembly to achieve rapid development.Technological innovation has improved the international competitiveness of some manufacturing industries in China.At the same time,due to the disappearance of "demographic dividend",resource and environmental constraints Tightening and foreign "technical blockades",some sub-sectors of China's manufacturing industry are facing the dilemma of "low-end locking".Therefore,in-depth study of the mechanism of the changes in the division of labor in the global value chain affect the development of manufacturing industry in developing countries and industry differences?And how the differences impact of changes in the global value chain division of technological progress and status-driven labor costs for manufacturing industry?Analysis of this problem is conducive to manufacturing enterprises to find the best breakthrough point in the global value chain division of labor,which has important practical significance for the successful transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry.This article will analyze the above problems from the following five aspects:The first aspect is the theoretical mechanism analysis.Based on the previous theory on how the change of the global value chain's division of labor affects the development of manufacturing industry in developing countries,this paper proposes the manufacturing industry in developing countries have their own laws of development participating in the global value chain division system.Developing countries gain technological spillovers by accepting investment from developed countries,high-tech intermediate trading,conomies of scale.If the technology achieves an effective breakthrough,it can improve the international competitiveness of the manufacturing industry,otherwise it may face the risk of "low-end locking".The second aspect is the definition of concept connotation,this paper defines industrial development as two aspects:the expansion of manufacturing scale and the improvement of international competitiveness.The global value chain division of the Chinese manufacturing segment is measured by the GVC_Position index proposed by Koopman(2010).The labor cost of the manufacturing industry is represented by the annual per capita wage of the manufacturing sector,and the technological progress is expressed by the Malmquist index.The third aspect is the calculation of indicators.Using the WIOD database,this paper calculated the GVC_Position index and RCA index of 17 sub-sectors in China's manufacturing industry.From the overall perspective,China's manufacturing division of labor and international competitiveness are low.The fourth aspect is the design of the econometric equation.The interaction term between labor cost and technological progress and the global value chain division of labor indicators is added to the econometric equation to study the impact of the changes in the division of labor in the global value chain.The fifth aspect is the classification of manufacturing industry segments,which divides the manufacturing industry into labor-intensive,capital-intensive and technology-intensive categories to explore the impact of changes in the global value chain's division of labor on different industry types.Finally,based on the previous analysis of the mechanism and related indicators,this paper explores the impact of changes in the global value chain's division of labor and the impact of labor cost and technological progress on the development of China's manufacturing industry.The empirical results of this paper show that the increase in the division of labor in the global value chain has a negative impact on the scale of China's manufacturing industry,and the impact is diferent with diferent industries.It has a positive impact on the international competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry,and it also shows industry differences.The division of labor in the global value chain driven by labor costs has an unclear impact on the scale of the manufacturing industry and has a significant negative impact on the international competitiveness of the manufacturing industry;The global value chain division of labor driven by technological progress has a positive impact on the scale of manufacturing and international competitiveness.And also,the empirical results of this paper also indicate that the per capita capital of the manufacturing industry,the size of the enterprise,the level of human capital,and the openness of foreign trade also have a certain positive impact on the development of China's manufacturing industry.Based on the research conclusions and the current situation of China's manufacturing industry development,this paper gives some Relevant policy recommendations for China's manufacturing industry how to grasp the opportunity of technological changes,and how to enhance the position of China's manufacturing industry in the global value chain division,and how to successfully achieve transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry. |
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