The Impact Of New Rural Insurance On The Living Standards Of Rural Elderly Residents

At present,China's population aging is already very serious.In 2017,China's aging population is 15.9%.Every six people raise an elderly person,and aging is increasing.At the same time,China is also in the final stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way.Solving the living standards of the elderly population is an important yardstick for measuring China's comprehensive well-off society.In view of the separation of national conditions,compared with cities,the rural population has a large number of elderly people,and the rapid growth of the number of elderly people makes the urgency of the problems related to rural elderly residents increasingly prominent.Compared with cities,the rural economic development is backward.The facilities are weak,and the per capita income of rural areas is only one-third of the per capita income of urban areas,making the problem of low living standards of rural elderly residents even more severe.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to study the living standards of rural elderly residents.In 2009,China launched a new type of rural social endowment insurance in some areas(compared to the old rural social endowment insurance before 2009,hereinafter referred to as the new rural insurance),which was quickly promoted with the support of the government.In 2012,the new rural insurance comprehensively covered all areas..The specific effect of the new rural insurance policy is very much discussed in the academic circles.The relevant literature is measured by various indicators such as household income,expenditure,savings and labor supply,and the economic benefits,welfare equity,social effects,etc.of the new rural insurance.Aspects,etc.are evaluated and made recommendations.However,most of the studies have studied the effects of policies around 2012,and most of the articles studied are limited to rural hukou groups rather than rural residents.Therefore,this paper restricts the sample to elderly people who have rural hukou and often reside in rural areas,and considers that some provinces and cities in the country have started to deploy new rural insurance and urban residents'pension insurance since 2014,and research on new farmers after 2015.The effect of the policy is lack of practical significance.Therefore,this paper explores the innovation and studies the impact of the new rural insurance on the living standards of rural elderly residents in the period from 2013 to 2015.This paper uses the data from the China Health and Pension Tracking Survey(CHARLS)in 2013 and 2015 to use the double differential(DID)identification strategy and the Mlogit regression method to estimate the impact of the new rural insurance on the living standards of rural elderly residents.Divided into three indicators:income,consumption and life satisfaction.After deleting the sample of non-rural residents under the age of 60,whether to participate in the new rural insurance as an explanatory variable,controlling the variables such as marriage,education level and health status,and making an empirical analysis.The empirical results show that:(1)The income level of the rural elderly is significantly improved by the new farmers'maintenance pension,and the income level and family income level of the elderly individuals are significantly improved;(2)the new rural insurance promotes the family to a certain extent.Consumption,which has no significant impact on household food expenditure,but significantly increased household daily expenditures and large expenditures,which increased by 14.2%and 48.2%,respectively;(3)New rural insurance improved the life satisfaction of rural elderly residents,and Married,healthier individuals have a higher level of happiness.Finally,on the basis of reading and systematic analysis of domestic and foreign literatures,this paper proposes constructive suggestions for improving new rural insurance,such as increasing fundraising efforts,motivating residents to raise the level of new rural insurance contributions,and improving pension benefits,etc.The research on the construction of the old-age security system provides more perspectives and hopes to have a positive impact on the improvement of new rural insurance and the improvement of the living standards of rural elderly residents.