Study On The Poverty Alleviation Effect Of Urban And Rural Residents' Basic Endowment Insurance On Rural Elderly In Enshi Prefecture, Hubei Province

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that fighting against poverty is a hard battle in a hard battle.We must resolutely win the battle against poverty and tackle the problem of deep poverty.The people who become poor because of illness,disability and old age are the people in deep poverty in our country,and they need to be paid more attention to in the work of poverty alleviation.Under the background of population aging,the poverty of the rural elderly is an urgent problem to be solved.The rural elderly in Enshi Prefecture,Hubei Province,are facing a high risk of poverty.Solving the poverty of the rural elderly is the focus of our comprehensive poverty alleviation work.The social security policy centered on the old-age insurance system is an important measure for the rural elderly to get rid of poverty.It is an important way to improve the living standard of the rural elderly and increase their income.It is also an important means to alleviate the poverty situation of the rural elderly.In this context,on the basis of studying and reading a large number of literatures,this paper takes welfare economics theory,family life cycle theory,public goods theory,income redistribution theory as the theoretical support,analyses and studies the domestic and foreign literature,and initially establishes the theoretical analysis framework of urban and rural residents' endowment insurance with poverty alleviation effect.Based on the survey data of 1312 rural residents in 8 villages of 4counties(cities)in Enshi Prefecture,Hubei Province in July 2017,this paper studies whether urban and rural residents' endowment insurance has poverty alleviation effect on rural elderly in Enshi Prefecture,Hubei Province,using the methods of quantitative analysis,literature analysis,field investigation and case analysis.The conclusions are as follows:Firstly,the system of endowment insurance policy for urban and rural residents in Enshi Prefecture of Hubei Province has been fully covered.67.79% of the respondents participate in the insurance.Rural residents in Enshi Prefecture of Hubei Province have a certain understanding of the endowment insurance policy for urban and rural residents,and have achieved the goal of endowment insurance for rural residents at the institutional level.Secondly,through the analysis of six typical cases,it is found that the basic pension of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents has played a positive role in the life of the rural elderly in Enshi Prefecture,Hubei Province,and alleviatedthe current situation of poverty.However,the current pension level is low and its impact on poverty reduction of the elderly is limited.It is hoped that the level of pension treatment can be improved and the basic living standards of the poor elderly can be improved.Thirdly,based on total sample of 1312 rural residents,a logistic regression model is constructed and the results show that:(1)the incidence of poverty increases with age.(2)The poverty rate of minority respondents is higher.(3)The incidence of poverty will decrease for those who participated in the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents and those who understood the content of the basic old-age insurance policy for urban and rural residents.(4)Respondents with fewer households have a higher incidence of poverty,which indicates that the more the household population,the more the labor force,the higher the household income.Fourthly,based on total sample of 478 rural elderly residents,we constructed a tobit regression model,and the study has found that: whether to understand the urban and rural residents' pension insurance has no significant impact on the income of the elderly.However,there are other factors affecting the income growth of the elderly,including:(1)more disposable income per spouse;(2)less disposable income per capita with age;(3)the higher the level of education,the higher the income of the elderly;(4)the elderly in good health,the elderly who have the ability to work,the higher the disposable income per capita;(5)The more the family population,the lower the disposable income per capita;(6)The elderly living with their children,the lower the disposable income per capita.Finally,this paper analyses the reasons that restrict the poverty reduction effect of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents in Enshi Prefecture,Hubei Province,and puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions according to the reasons: narrowing the scope of binding policy,increasing financial subsidies,gradually improving pension treatment,enhancing the sources of financing,raising the level of financing,increasing publicity,strengthening farmers' awareness of participating in insurance,and speeding up the national overall planning of endowment insurance.