Research On Residual Control Rights Allocation And Related Policy Support Of NGO Participating In PPP

In recent years,the government has experienced problems such as shortage of funds,inefficiency,substandard quality,and unprofessional services in the process of providing public goods.To solve these problems,the PPP model came into being.PPP(Public-Private Partnership)is a public-private partnership,the core of which is the cooperation between the government and social capital to provide public services.Since the 1980s,China's PPP has experienced five stages of spontaneous practice,pilot promotion,vigorous promotion,slow development and comprehensive advancement.Since 2013,it has flourished and gradually played a role in stabilizing growth,promoting reform,and benefiting people's livelihood.Play a positive role.During the exploration of the PPP model,various problems have arisen.At present,the social capital partners of China's PPP projects are mainly represented by the two types of entities:state-owned enterprises and private enterprises.The types of partners are relatively single and the nature is relatively profitable.Therefore,the stable infrastructure projects are more public than the public.There are many service projects,and the government payment and feasibility gap projects are far more than the user fee-based projects.In this environment,the phenomenon of solid debts has emerged in an endless stream.This not only violates the original purpose and purpose of PPP,but also increases the risks faced by PPP projects and the government.Therefore,in the future development of PPP,NGO should be encouraged to join the social capital partners.NGO can provide public services such as education and pensions.The field plays a role in bridging the shortcomings of the current development of public service PPP projects,and because it does not require fixed returns,it can reduce the recurrence of the real debt phenomenon to a certain extent,and provide some help for PPP risk prevention and reso ution.Like other projects,PPP projects involving NGO are also facing efficiency and risk issues.Due to the incompleteness of the contract of the PPP project,both parties may have disputes due to unconstrained matters in the contract during the project,so the two parties will discuss the allocation of residual control rights through renegotiation.It can be seen that the allocation of residual control rights affects the efficiency of PPP,and it is related to the resolution of contract risks,which plays an important role in the sustainable operation of the project.Studying the problem of residual control allocation of NGO participating in PPP projects can promote the improvement of cooperation efficiency and the prevention of contract risks.At home and abroad,the problem of the allocation of residual control rights of PPP projects has been studied,and new factors have been added for more rational analysis.However,there are not many studies on the allocation of residual control rights for NGO participating in PPP projects.Therefore,this paper joins the negotiation power.The factor further refines the residual control right allocation model,which has certain reference significance for the NGO to participate in the allocation of residual control rights of PPP projects,and plays a certain role in promoting NGO participation in PPP projects.Formulating appropriate support policies can also promote NGO participation in PPP projects.Based on the respective development and cooperation needs of NGO and PPP,combined with China's actual conditions,it proposes policy recommendations for NGOs to participate in PPP projects from three aspects:legal system,regulatory policies and taxation policies.Improve relevant policies and support their future development.The structure of the paper is as follows:The first chapter explains the background and meaning of this topic,defines the relevant concepts,determines the research content,methods and ideas,and expounds the innovations and deficiencies.The second chapter reviews on domestic and international PPP related research,the research on the allocation of PPP residual control rights,and the research on NGO participation in PPP and residual control rights,and reviews the literature.The third chapter briefly introduces the development history of PPP in China,and introduces the development status of PPP from the perspective of the storage of PPP projects for three consecutive years in 2016-2018 and the industry distribution of warehousing projects in 2018,from the aspects of NGO characteristics.The advantages of its participation in the PPP project were analyzed.The fourth chapter first introduces the theory of incomplete contract and control theory used in the research.Then,based on the previous research model,the negotiating power factor is added to construct the residual control right allocation model of NGO participation in PPP project.in conclusion.The fifth chapter introduces the legal system,regulatory policies and taxation policies of PPP and NGO,and puts forward relevant suggestions on the formulation of relevant support policies for NGO participation in PPP projects in light of China's current situation.The innovation of this paper is to add negotiating factors to the existing NGO participation in the residual control allocation model of PPP project,and construct a more reasonable mathematical model.It summarizes the foreign tax support policies related to PPP and NGO,draws on its advanced experience and combines the status quo of China,and puts forward relevant suggestions on the tax support policies of NGO participating in PPP projects.