| With the deepening of regional integration and the opening up of the country along the border,the trend of cooperation between countries is becoming more and more obvious.Border tourism,as an important form of border cooperation,has played an important role in promoting the process of regional integration and the development of cross-border cooperation.In recent years,under the strong impetus of a series of policies,such as the opening of the state along the border,the operation of the rich and the rich,and the construction of the two districts(the Frontier Tourism test area and the cross-border tourism cooperation zone)How effective is the actual role of border tourism policy? Can the border areas be able to share the fruits of tourism development with the help of relevant policy concessions? Solving these practical problems requires us to devote ourselves to practice in policy research and then to guide practice.The existing research on border tourism has read the results from many angles,but there are few systematic researches from the overall policy level.By studying the border tourism policy,it is helpful to understand and grasp the main direction,key areas and problems to be solved in the development of border tourism,and also to promote the government to further clarify the orientation and development focus of border tourism policy,and to have a better guiding and supporting role in the practice of border tourism development.More importantly,it can also enrich the research contents and methods of border tourism policy theory.Therefore,the development of this study has important practical and theoretical significance.In this paper,the National Natural Science Foundation of China,"study on the spatial pattern,mechanism and mode of cross-border tourism development in southwest Frontier Border"(No.: 41671147),with "border tourism policy" as the research object,from macroscopic and microscopic two levels around the "border tourism policy evolution mechanism and dynamic mechanism" research positioning,according to the " External environment Change-policy evolution(national and provincial level)-dynamic mechanism of policy development " the overall research idea,constructs the border tourism policy three-dimensional Analysis Framework Foundation,studies the national level border tourism policy and the Yunnan Province border tourism policy development evolution,through the industrial policy,the policy tool,Advocating the theory of Alliance framework and other related theories,this paper analyzes and constructs the development path and dynamic mechanism of border tourism policy,and further explores the optimization direction of border tourism policy on this basis.The following conclusions are mainly formed:(1)This paper constructs a three-dimensional analysis framework of border tourism policy,and analyzes the basic unit elements of border tourism policy from three main dimensions of policy evolution,policy structure and basic policy tools,so as to find out the development and evolution law of border tourism policy.(2)Using data collection and text content analysis methods,the index system of policy tools with 3 primary indicators and 19 level Two indexes is established,and the policy tools are divided into three categories,supply type,environment type and demand type.Supply-oriented policies mainly include six policies on tourism routes/products,demonstration projects and project construction,infrastructure,capital investment,personnel training,information/technical support,and environmental policies mainly include target planning,regulatory management,management mechanisms/models,port management,financial support,tax incentives,land support,Security management and other eight aspects of the policy,demand-oriented policies mainly include entry and exit facilitation,regional cooperation,market expansion,access threshold,consumer-side subsidies and other five aspects of the policy.(3)To conduct an in-depth analysis of the contents of the border tourism policy between the state and Yunnan province,and to analyze the policy changes of two different levels in the country and Yunnan province.At the national level,the development of its border tourism policy has gone through the transition stage of localpolicy pilot stage(1985-1991),local policy pilot to national border popularization and application stage(1992-1998),"extensive growth" to "Fine Development"(1999-2009)and the comprehensive development phase after the transition(2010 to date),four phases.From the provincial level point of view,the pace of the development of border tourism policy is basically consistent with the national level,but the time node lags slightly behind,through the exploration of the initial stage(1992-1993),the rapid development stage(1994-2004),the Stagnation stage(2005-2010)and the Comprehensive Recovery development phase(2011 to date),four phases.(4)The evolution trend of border tourism policy is summarized.From the direction of policy development at the national level,policy tools show a shift from micro-supervision to macro-control;The role of government changes from guiding promoters to service providers;There are fewer direct policies,indirect policies complement each other;and various institutional arrangements pay less attention to the factors of industry and market demand,such as talents and information technology.The process of policy evolution at the provincial level is similar to that at the national level,but it lags slightly behind in time.Before 2010,there was less policy communication at the provincial level,and the volume of policy messages at the provincial level showed explosive growth after 2011,and the structure and proportion of the use of border tourism policy tools in Yunnan Province were relatively balanced,However,there are still insufficient driving forces for demand-oriented policy instruments.(5)This paper probes into the internal mechanism and dynamic mechanism of policy evolution: the essence of its policy evolution is a circular process from the unbalanced system to the equilibrium of the system,and it is also a kind of mandatory change and progressive change.The motive force of policy development comes from inside and outside the system,specifically,the whole process of policy change takes place within the policy subsystem,the result and direction of its change is affected by the external environment pressure,the policy subsystem contains a number of advocacy alliances,and each alliance plays a game interaction with its mastery of resources and strategies.and in order to achieve its policy goals or objectives to carryout policy orientation learning,and then play a role in the development of policy subsystems of the faith,from the inside out to promote the change of border tourism policy.(6)This paper puts forward the optimization direction of exploring the border tourism policy: integrating and utilizing the existing border tourism policy,attaching importance to the structural balance of the system design,attaching importance to the coordinated development and operation of the border tourism policy,using the policy tools according to local conditions,and carrying out the tracking monitoring and effect evaluation of the border tourism policy. |
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