| The policy of Linkage Between Urban-land Taking and Rural-land Giving(LUTRG)provides a way to achieve the goal of “double protection”,and it is effective means to alleviate the contradiction between “farmland protection” and “construction land expansion”.Since 2006,29 provinces have implemented the policy.However,this policy is still controversial in the academic circle,and the focus of the controversy is mainly on the protection of farmers' rights and interests.From the effect of the implementation,LUTRG projects can easily cause significant changes in the level of farmers' welfare.Then,what is the changes of the farmers' welfare in the LUTRG projects? Are there any differences in the changes of farmers' welfare between different model projects and different projects of the same model? What kinds of LUTRG projects are easier to promote the improvement of farmers' welfare? Academia is still debating these.This study based on Amartya Sen's capability theory,build farmers' welfare measure index system,select of six typical projects in Hubei province,obtain 361 farmers questionnaires,and use fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and multiple linear regression model to analysis farmers' welfare changes and its influencing factors,to try to provide reasonable suggestions for improving the policy and farmers' welfare.Through analysis,the main conclusions are as follows:(1)Before and after the implementation of the LUTRG projects,the level of farmers' welfare is not high.From the perspective of different projects,before the implementation of the projects,the highest level of welfare in government-led projects and market-led projects were Chiyang New village and Pengdun village respectively,with the welfare index of 0.486 and 0.524 respectively.After the implementation of the projects,the highest welfare indexes of the two models were Chenjiachong village and Pengdun village,with the welfare indexes of 0.551 and 0.646 respectively.In terms of modes,before the implementation of the projects,the welfare indexes of the two modes were 0.435 and 0.480 respectively.After the implementation of the project,the welfare indexes of the two modes were 0.509 and 0.626 respectively.(2)The LUTRG project can improve farmers' welfare,but the improvement effect needs to be strengthened.From the perspective of different projects,the farmers' welfare index in the six research areas increased to varying degrees,among which the most significant increase was the index of Baiyunrenjia village,which increased by 0.172,rose 38.48%.In terms of models,the farmers' welfare index in government-led projects and market-led projects increased by 0.074 and 0.146 respectively,and the welfare level increased by 17.01% and 30.42% respectively.After the implementation of the project,the overall farmers' welfare index did not reach 0.7,which was still far from the highest welfare level.(3)There are great differences in the farmers' welfare changes in the functional activities.The government-led projects in both community resources and employment development of farmers' welfare levels have significant degrees,in the family economy circumstance,housing conditions,living environment,rights and interests protection and psychological emotion five aspects have different degrees of decline,but in the agricultural production aspect,the welfare index presents “two projects increasing and one decreasing”.The market-led projects in agricultural production,living environment,community resources,employment development and psychological emotion five aspects of farmers' welfare levels all have different degrees,in terms of housing conditions all have varying degrees of decline,but in terms of family economic conditions and rights and interests protection,the welfare index presents “two projects decreasing and one increasing” and “two projects increasing and one decreasing” respectively.On the whole,the improvement effect of farmers' welfare is better in two aspects of community resources and employment development,and worse in three aspects of family economic situation,housing conditions and rights and interests protection.(4)The effect of improving the farmers' welfare in market-led projects is better.The increase value and rate of the farmers' welfare index in the market-led projects are about twice that of the government-led projects.From the perspective of the functional activities of farmers' welfare,compared with the government-led ones,the added value and increase range of the index(except community resources)in the market-oriented project areas are larger.(5)Under different models,the influencing factors of the farmers' welfare change are quite different.The farmers' welfare changes in government-led projects are significantly affected by the education level of the household head,the proportion of household non-agricultural labor force,the proportion of household dependent population,the project's emphasis on ecological environment and regional economic environment,among which the proportion of household dependent population plays the largest role.The farmers' welfare changes in market-led projects are significantly affected by the age and education level of the household head,the proportion of household non-agricultural labor force,the proportion of household dependent population,the area of the rebuilt area,the project's emphasis on fairness,the project's emphasis on ecological environment and regional economic environment,among which the regional economic environment plays the largest role.Based on the above conclusions,this study provides the following policy suggestions :(1)improve the protection mechanism of farmers' rights and interests,and implement farmers' right to know,participate in,make decisions and gain from the project;(2)improve the participation mechanism of farmers in LUTRG projects,and listen to their appeals and opinions as much as possible;(3)fully respect the heterogeneity of farmers and formulate differentiated compensation schemes;(4)adhere to the principle of fairness and justice,and scientifically plan and build the rebuilt area;(5)fully respect regional differences and implement LUTRG projects in line with local conditions. |
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