A Study On The Residential Willingness And Influencing Factors Of Rural Households From The Perspective Of Livelihood Differentiation

Under the guidance and implementation of China’s Rural Revitalization Strategy,the common development of new urbanization and new rural construction has entered a critical period.The new rural construction and agricultural development are in a period of rapid transition.The non-agricultural employment opportunities of peasant households are gradually increasing,and the non-agriculturalization process is progressing steadily.The phenomenon of livelihood differentiation of peasant households has an important impact on the development of "agriculture,countryside and farmers" in the period of transformation.The problem of farmers’ housing is the core issue of whether the rural revitalization strategy can be implemented smoothly,which farmers’ willingness of live is one of the key issues according to practice.Due to the imbalance of natural environment,resource endowment,economic level and other factors in different regions,and the differences of farmers’ income,policy awareness and psychological factors,there are differences in the willingness and influencing factors of farmers living in different regions and different types of livelihood differentiation.At present,there are relatively few studies on the horizontal comparison of factors affecting the living habits of different subsistence types of farmers,which need to be further deepened.This paper takes Wulian County as a typical research area,collects 267 valid questionnaires through field research and farmer interviews,and uses Logistic regression model to analyze the rural residents’ willingness to live and its influencing factors from the perspective of livelihood differentiation.Firstly,the overall descriptive analysis of the livelihood characteristics and living status of farmers were given,scientifically divide the farmers in the study area combined with the existing research and the current status of livelihood differentiation,in order to reveal the livelihood differentiation and distribution of farmers in Wulian County.Secondly,according to the results of the survey,the variables are selected,and the logistic model is established to analyze the influencing factors of farmers’ overall living willingness and get the results.Finally,logistic regression and comparative analysis were carried out for different livelihood types of farmers.The main research contents and results are:(1)The current situation of farmers’ livelihood differentiation and their willingness to live.Through in-depth investigation and analysis of the living and livelihood status of farmers in Wulian County,farmers are divided into four livelihood types: pure farming type,low-part-time type,high-part-time type and non-agricultural type.The non-farming households accounts for the highest proportion,and that of pure farming households accounts for the lowest,and structural differences of livelihood differentiation types of farmers in different regions areobvious.The survey results show that 51.3% of farmers are willing to change the current living conditions,48.7% of farmers are reluctant to change the current living conditions and would continue to maintain the current living conditions.(2)Influencing factors of household’s living willingness from the perspective of livelihood differentiation.This paper comprehensively considers the characteristics of farmers themselves,livelihood characteristics and their psychological cognitive status.Logistic regression analysis of the comprehensive model shows that six variables have passed the significant test,and the regression analysis of the livelihood classification model showed that the types of farmers’ livelihood differentiation were different,and the factors affecting their willingness to live were not the same.Crop storage and lifestyle change are important factors influencing the choice of farmers’ willingness to live.(3)Relevant suggestions and policy implications.In order to promote the construction of new rural communities in Wulian County and to solve the problem of farmers’ housing,this paper proposes the following countermeasures and suggestions: We should improve the livelihood situation by increasing the income of farmers,and increase financial investment and industrial introduction in rural areas.Strengthen the comprehensive consideration of the willingness of farmers of different livelihood types,classify and design the implementation plan to meet their different needs.Increase the publicity and guidance of concentrated residence,through the pilot effect to enhance the internal motivation of farmers to move.Reasonably improve the public service facilities and infrastructure supporting work,and build a new countryside by beautifying the living environment of farmers.Actively guide the public to participate,fully reflect the main status of farmers,make a targeted construction plan,and promote the rural revitalization by scientific classification.