Study On The Influence Of Livelihood Differentiation On Farmers' Willingness To Exit Homestead

Homestead exit is an important way to solve the increasingly extensive utilization of rural homestead in our country,and it is an important basis to scientifically formulate the policy of homestead exit to fully grasp the farmers' willingness to exit homestead and its influencing factors.Livelihood differentiation is an increasingly prominent social phenomenon in rural society in our country.There are differences in the functions of the homestead of farmers with different types of livelihood differentiation.Under the background of farmers' livelihood differentiation,on the basis of protecting the rights and interests of farmers' homestead,it is an important task for the present land department to formulate a scientific and reasonable policy of homestead exit,to construct a differential homestead exit mechanism and to promote the utilization efficiency of the homestead.Based on the survey data of farmers in Jiangxi Province,this paper constructs the index system for livelihood differentiation of farmers from two aspects of livelihood capital and livelihood strategy,and uses the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)-entropy method to evaluate and classify the types of farmers.To grasp the overall level and local differences of farmers' cognition of homestead related policies,to construct the index system of farmers willingness to exit homestead,and to analyze the factors that affect the farmers willingness to exit homestead of different types of livelihood differentiation by using the binary Logit model.This paper attempts to analyze the behavioral decision-making mechanism of different types of farmers' homestead exit,and to provide theoretical and empirical reference basis for formulating the policy of homestead withdrawal according to local conditions.Through empirical analysis,the following conclusions are obtained:(1)It can be seen from the evaluation results of the livelihood differentiation of farmers that 57.68% of the farmers have low average level of livelihood capital,and 60.96% of the farmers have a non-agricultural type of livelihood strategy.Among the four types of farmers,the proportion of the capital poor and non-agricultural households is the largest,accounting for 34.43%,and the proportion of the capital rich agricultural households is the smallest,accounting for 15.79%.(2)Farmers generally have a poor understanding of the homestead related policies,and the demand for the circulation of homestead is relatively strong,accounting for 63.38% of the farmers' willing to transfer the homestead.The rich living capital or the non-agricultural Livelihood Strategy farmers have better cognitive level and stronger willingness to transfer homestead.(3)In general,the farmers' willingness to exit the homestead was poor,and only 37.94% of the farmers were willing to exit the homestead.Farmers with rich livelihood capital or non-agricultural livelihood strategy have higher willingness to exit homestead.(4)Age,annual household income per capita,family population,the resource endowment of homestead and risk expectation are the main factors that affect the willingness of four kinds of farmers to exit homestead.When considering exiting homestead,capital-poor agricultural farmers are more concerned about the pressure of family support for the elderly and children,whether they possess non-agricultural skills,the increase in the cost of living after entering the city and the concern about finding a stable job.On the other hand,the capital-poor non-agricultural farmers pay more attention to whether the illegal homestead can obtain economic compensation,increase the cost of living after entering the city and find a stable job.While capital-rich agricultural farmers are affected by their education level,whether they can enjoy the treatment of urban residents and the concern of finding stable jobs after exiting homestead.However the capital-rich,non-agricultural farmers are more concerned about their own educational level,whether they can enjoy the treatment of urban residents and the location characteristics of their own homes.In order to improve the farmers' willingness to exit the homestead,deepen the reform of the homestead,the following suggestions are put forward:(1)On the basis of fully respecting the homestead exit willingness of farmers and ensuring the homestead rights and interests of farmers,the differential homestead exit mechanism is constructed.(2)In order to solve the problems of unfair treatment such as household registration barrier and resource distribution under the dual system of urban and rural areas,the social security system of urban and rural integration should be constructed.(3)Provide more diversified non-agricultural vocational skills training and create a good employment environment,as well as reduce the competitive disadvantage of non-agricultural employment caused by the restriction of education level and enable farmers to obtain stable non-agricultural income expectations.Meanwhile,the long-term mechanism to ensure the income stability of farmers also needs to be built.(4)Strengthen the propaganda of homestead related policies,deepen the farmers' identity to the reform of homestead,and enhance the sense of acquisition of the homestead reform of farmers.