Economic And Social Effect Evaluation Of Climate Smart Agriculture Project

The paper was based on Climate-smart main food crop project in Anhui Huaiyuan County and Henan Yexian County,which was organized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas and the World Bank.The project villages and non-project villages are compared by the survey data of farmers during 2015 to 2018,the DID model was used to measure the economic and social effects,then analyze the influencing factors.The results of the model could be combined with other research materials for mathematical analysis and qualitative analysis,such as county-level,village-level questionnaires and farmer behaviors.The results showed:1.The project was implemented successfully and made significance achievements.The soil testing formula fertilizer and mechanized high-efficiency application activities were carried out on wheat,rice and corn.Using Agricultural machinery such as combine harvesters and pulverizers were used to smash crop stalks and then rot them into fields.They also leveled the land and applicated technology for irrigation,which achieved positive effects of stable production and reduce the amount of fertilizer and pesticide.2.From the results of the DID basic model,the project had positive impact on farmers' planting income,but has no positive impact on total income and non-planting income.This mainly attributed to the earlier land circulation and agricultural labor forces transfer in Huaiyuan project area,while the nonproject area had just to accelerate land transfer and non-agricultural labor transfer in recent years.The project had a significant positive impact on fertilizer and pesticide use(reduction in usage and frequency).3.In the fixed effect model of adding control variables,the results of the model show that:(1)The farmer's cultivated land area had positive impact on farmers' total income,planting income and nonplanting income,and the cultivated land area had nearly no effect on chemical fertilizer and pesticides.(2)The total number of households had significant positive impact on the three types of income,and has little effect on the amount of fertilizer and pesticides.(3)The proportion of labor to the total population had significant positive impact on farmers' total income and non-planting income,and had negative impact on planting income;it had significant negative impact on the number of pesticides used,but less negative impact on fertilizer.(4)The age of farmers had negative impact on the income of all types,but not significant;the age of farmers had slight negative impact on the amount of fertilizer applied,but significant negative impact on the number of pesticide applications.(5)The years of education had significant positive impact on the total income of farmers,and little impact on planting income and nonplanting income;it had positive impact on the amount of fertilizer applied and the number of pesticides used,but not significant.(6)Compared with Huaiyuan County,Yexian County had negative impact on the three types of incomes,the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides,which was mainly due to differences in land size and crop varieties.4.There were some challenges in implementation of project.The implementation project with a long time and wide range of acreage,project management departments involves both domestic and foreign,with lots of expert teams,so it's difficult to coordination;the farmers' expectations for agricultural income were reduced,and the project was tough for mobilizing farmers' enthusiasm due to insufficient economic returns.