Study On Sustainable Livelihoods Of Farmers In Xingdou Mountain Nature Reserve

The establishment of nature reserves is of great significance to ecological and environmental protection,but it restricts the use of natural resources and the improvement of sustainable livelihood of farmers in the region.For the long-term development of farmers in nature reserves,we must correctly handle the relationship between the ecological environmental protection of nature reserves and the sustainable livelihood of farmers.Based on the framework of sustainable livelihood analysis,this paper takes farmers in Xingdou Mountain Nature Reserve as the research object.Through telephone interview,household discussions and questionnaires,we have collected a large amount of information about farmers,it laid a foundation for systematically describing the livelihood capital,livelihood strategy and livelihood results of the farmers surveyed in Xingdou Mountain.Then,by using Expert Scoring Method,Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and Comprehensive Evaluation Method,we established an index evaluation system for farmers livelihood capital in Xingdou Mountain Nature Reserve.Based on the current situation of livelihood development,this paper builds a binary logistic regression model to analysis the relationship between livelihood capital and livelihood strategy,proposed that farmers can choose suitable livelihood strategy according to their own superior livelihood capital.At last,in view of the existing problems of farmers livelihood in Xingdou Mountain Nature Reserve,this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improve the sustainable livelihood level.The results show that: firstly,the overall level of farmers livelihood capital in Xingdou Mountain Nature Reserve is below the middle level,with the highest level of human capital and the lowest level of social capital.Secondly,the composition of farmers livelihood capital directly affects livelihood strategies.The livelihood strategies of farmers in Xingdou Mountain Nature Reserve include pure farming and part-time farming,and the income of part-time farming is higher than that of purefarming.Farmers with richer natural capital are more willing to choose pure farming as their livelihood strategy.The richer the human capital and social capital,the more farmers prefer to choose part-time farming as their livelihood strategy.Thirdly,there are many problems in the process of sustainable livelihood development of farmers in Xingdou Mountain Nature Reserve.The main problems include older labor force,the lower education level,the limited use of forestry resources,the obvious income gap,the difficulty of borrowing money and the difficulty of social organizations to play a role.Fourthly,in view of the problems existing in the sustainable livelihood of farmers in nature reserves,this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to enhance the sustainable livelihood of farmers,including strengthening the construction of human capital,utilizing the advantages of ecological resources,broadening the channels for increasing financial revenue,giving full play to the role of cooperative organizations and improving the regional management system,etc.