Research On The Optimization Of Soybean Planting Structure And Countermeasures In Heilongjiang Province

In order to stabilize China's soybean production,develop soybean planting industry,enhance China's soybean industry's international influence,and revitalize soybean industry in Heilongjiang Province,we carry out this study by analyzing the soybean planting structure in Heilongjiang Province.In this study,the current situation of soybean planting structure in Heilongjiang Province is analyzed based on the changes in soybean planting area and yield in Heilongjiang Province from 1980 to 2017.Then,the soybean planting structure in Heilongjiang Province was optimized from two aspects: soybean planting area optimization and soybean planting variety division.Finally,according to the analysis of the factors affecting soybean planting structure,and the optimization of soybean planting structure in Heilongjiang put forward the suggestions.The main research work and results of this study are as follows:(1)The status and characteristics of soybean planting structure in Heilongjiang Province are analyzed.According to the soybean planting area and production data of Heilongjiang Province from 1980 to 2017,the current status of soybean planting was analyzed.The analysis found that in the early 20 th century,as the soybean market was affected by imported soybeans,soybean cultivation in Heilongjiang Province was significantly weakened.However,since 2013,with the active policies such as soybean storage policy,target price policy,and soybean producer subsidies were implemented,increased the protection of national soybeans and the maintenance of soybean farmers' rights and interests.The planting area and yield of soybeans in Heilongjiang Province were have been promoted.(2)The optimization model of grain production structure in Heilongjiang Province is established to improve the planting area of soybean.The multi-objective structure optimization model for grain production in Heilongjiang Province is establi shed in this paper.The planting area of soybean,rice,wheat and corn is used as the decision variable,and the objective function is established by the economic,social and ecological effects of grain production.The predicted values of the total planting area of the four food crops and the restrictions on the soybean planting area of soybean crop production are the constraints.The ideal point method and Matlab software were used to solve the problem,and the planting area of soybean in the target optimi zation year was obtained.(3)Soybean planting zoning in Heilongjiang Province based on climate suitability is applied based on this study.According to the climate suitability model and the daily weather data of 32 meteorological stations in Heilongjiang Province from 1998 to 2018 and the observation data during the whole period of soybean,the sunshine,precipitation and sunshine suitability of soybean planting were calculated.Based on the calculation results of the three climate suitability indicators and the K-Means algorithm,Heilongjiang Province is divided into four soybean planting areas.Finally,soybean varieties which are suitable for planting in each planting area were selected to complete the cultivating of soybean varieties.(4)Suggestions for the optimization of soybean planting structure in Heilongjiang Province are proposed.According to the optimized results of soybean planting structure and the analysis of the factors influencing the soybean planting structure,this study proposes to improve the distribution and layout of soybean reproduction,increase the subsidies to soybean producers,improve the production cost of soybeans,explore the rational plan of farmland rotation for fallow and strengthen the technology of soybean producers.From improving the soybean planting structure control strategy and recommendations for service system construction,by combining the results of soybean planting area and variety zoning,the soybean planting structure in Heilongjiang Province can be developed in a more reasonable direction.