Does Basic Medical Insurance Improve The Happiness Of Chinese Residents?

The sense of happiness refers to a series of joys that are subjectively produced by human beings.China is a developing country in the early stage of socialism.Its ultimate goal is to achieve common prosperity and create conditions for the free and comprehensive development of human beings.Therefore,steadily improving the people's sense of subjective happiness is the primary goal of the government's decree.Since the reform and opening up in 1978,China has experienced the rapid development of economic indicators and achieved a steady improvement in the basic living standards of the people.However,relevant surveys show that the rapid development of China's economy does not seem to bring about a corresponding increase in residents' subjective happiness.Therefore,how to explore the relevant factors affecting the happiness of Chinese residents has also received extensive attention from academic circles in China.Among them,health status,as one of the most important parts of subjective happiness,has gradually received the attention of Chinese residents.However,the general satisfaction of Chinese residents on the medical industry is low.Contrary to the low satisfaction of Chinese residents on the medical industry,China's medical level has greatly improved in recent years.The above two seemingly contradictory phenomena reveal the root of China's medical problems,that is,economic factors limit the use of medical services by Chinese residents.At this point,health insurance should play a key role.Basic medical insurance refers to a social insurance system established by the government to compensate workers for economic losses caused by disease risks,including urban employee medical insurance,urban resident medical insurance,and new rural cooperative medical care.At present,there are certain difficulties in the implementation of basic medical insurance,which is not conducive to residents' subjective happiness.It mainly includes four points:First,the proportion of personal payment premiums increases year by year,and the economic burden of residents is large;Second,the amount:of payment and the proportion of reimbursement are unreasonable.The scope of insurance is limited;Third,the distribution of medical resources is uneven,and the urban-rural differences are large;Fourth,the degree of informationization of medical insurance management is insufficient,and the reimbursement system is cumbersome.Therefore,the actual effectiveness of basic medical insurance and its impact on the happiness of residents are worth exploring.The relevant theories in this paper mainly include:welfare economics theory,social stratification theory,effective demand theory and medical insurance theory.This paper uses the survey data of the China Household Finance Survey(CHFS)to model the Probit model in two different stages and examines the impact of basic medical insurance on the subjective happiness of Chinese residents.The empirical results of the Probit model show that the increase in medical expenditure has a negative impact on subjective happiness,and there is no significant correlation between the purchase of basic medical insurance and the subjective happiness of residents.This is because non-insured personnel tend to have better health status,and the decline in subjective happiness that may result from non-insurance is offset by the improvement of subjective happiness brought about by good health.In terms of the implementation of basic medical insurance,the increase in medical insurance premiums and personal account balances has a positive impact on residents'subjective happiness,but its impact is less signif-icant.This is because with the development of China's economy,the income level of residents has been significantly improved,so the relationship between medical insurance premiums and residents' happiness is not great.The medical insurance personal account is mainly used for outpatient consultation and purchase of drugs,etc.,and its role is not as important as the medical expenses reduction directly provided by the medical insurance when the residents face serious illness.Therefore,the balance of medical insurance accounts has little to do with residents' happiness,and only has a weak positive effect.The increase in the proportion of medical insurance payments has significantly improved the subjective happiness of residents.In addition,by comparing the modeling results of three different types of basic medical insurance participants,it can be found that the estimated parameters of the increase in medical expenditure are not much different,indicating that there is no significant difference in the subjective happiness of the three types of residents affected by medical expenditure.The increase in the proportion of medical insurance payment has higher impact on the subjective happiness of urban residents medical insurance participants and the new rural cooperative participants than on the subjective happiness of urban employee medical insurance participants.It shows that the first two types of residents have more urgent needs for the increase of the proportion of basic medical insurance.Based on the conclusions of the empirical analysis,this paper gives some suggestions on basic medical insurance policies.Including:First,accelerate the pace of integration of urban and rural basic medical insurance;Second,reasonably increase the proportion of medical insurance reimbursement;Third,reasonably increase the proportion of urban workers premiums into personal accounts.I hope that in the near future,the basic medical insurance system will be consolidated and improved,and the goal of everyone enjoying basic medical and health services can be achieved.