Total-Factor Energy Efficiency Of Service Industry In China:Measurement And Factors

In 2017,value added of service industry in China was 42703.2 billion yuan,an increase of 8.0%and accounting for 51.6%of China's GDP.China's economy has changed from the manufacturing economy to the service economy.From 2000 to 2016,the average annual growth rate of energy consumption in China's service industry was 10.66%,which exceeded that of manufacturing and agriculture industry.In the 13th Five-Year Plan for Energy Development issued at the end of 2016,it is mentioned that the main source of energy consumption is gradually shifting from traditional high-energy-consuming industries to service industry.With the rapid development of the service industry,energy and environmental problems will appear in the service industry in the future.We have to do some research on the energy efficiency of the service industry from now on.Firstly,this paper briefly analyzes the current situation of energy consumption in service industry,and finds that the growth rate and elasticity of energy consumption in service industry are faster than that in the manufacturing and agriculture industry.The most contribution of energy consumption in service industry is always transportation,warehousing and postal industry.The regions whose level of energy consumption growth and value added growth in service industry is above the average are almost eastern regions.Then this paper calculates the static and dynamic total factor energy efficiency by DEA model and DEA-Malmquist index.By analyzing the results of DEA-Malmquist index,it is found that the average of total factor energy efficiency index of China's service industry is 0.939 from 2003 to 2016,and the deterioration is mainly due to the retrogression of technological progress.From the static total factor energy efficiency,it is found that the total factor energy efficiency of service industry in the whole country shows a downward trend.The total factor energy efficiency of service industry in the eastern region is best and the efficiency in the western region is worst.The convergence analysis of the total factor energy efficiency shows that the whole country and three regions exist absolute and conditional convergence,but the convergence rate is different.The convergence rate is the fastest in the central region and the slowest in the eastern region.Then,through empirical regression analysis of static total factor energy efficiency,it is found that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between total factor energy efficiency and the degree of nationalization.The level of foreign investment and energy structure have a negative impact on the total factor energy efficiency of service industry.The level of service industry development,knowledge intensity and technological progress have a positive impact on the total factor energy efficiency of service industry.Through the analysis of the influencing factors in the eastern,central and western regions,it is found that there are differences in the influencing factors among regions.Finally,this paper puts forward relevant policy recommendations:(1)From the institutional point of view,we should find the best degree of government intervention and introduce environmental foreign investment projects.(2)From the perspective of energy structure,we should improve the internal structure of energy and improve the efficiency of coal use.(3)From the perspective of technological progress,we should increase investment in scientific research and strengthen support for new energy technologies.(4)From the perspective of endowment,we should improve the capital intensity of service industry and the knowledge level of service employees.(5)At the same time,we should also pay attention to regional differences and formulate regional energy development strategies.