Pricing System Of Urban Rail Transit Station P+R Parking Lot

Park and Ride(P+R),as part of the transportation system,relieves congestion and parking difficulties in urban centers by intercepting traffic on the outskirts of the city.At present,the P+R facilities in Beijing are mainly located at the periphery of the Fourth Ring Road,and the unified charging standard of 2 yuan/time is adopted.The operating conditions of the P+R parking lot are uneven,and the government subsidies are under pressure.How to improve the operation status of P+R parking lot by adjusting fares and alleviating the pressure of government subsidies has become an urgent problem to be solved.In this paper,the P+R parking lot pricing system of the urban rail transit station is taken as the research subject,and the following research is carried out:(1)The charging status of P+R parking facilities at home and abroad are summarized.The pricing method of P+R parking facilities are introduced,among which the comprehensive pricing method combining Upper-lower limit pricing method,Supply and demand pricing method and Ramsey pricing method.The advantages and disadvantages of the four types of P+R subsidy models are analyzed,and the incentive subsidy model based on the principal-agent theory is determined.Basic theory of game theory is introduced to analyze the relationship between the participants(passengers,P+R operators and government),and expound the mechanism of obtaining the optimal fare based on Nash equilibrium.(2)Simplify the city into a concentric circle model,which is divided into two zones according to the road congestion condition(zone One is the urban center area,where the traffic is crowded;zone Two is the urban fringe area,and the traffic is smooth).Based on this,the characteristics of the pedestrians attracted by the P+R parking lot are determined,and the cost and utility of the traveler are analyzed.A BLM model is constructed to solve the travel mode sharing rate and P+R fare.(3)Under the full market competition mechanism and the government subsidy mechanism two P+R pricing models are constructed.The pricing model under the full market competition mechanism uses the duopoly game model as the mechanism,with the government-defined fare interval as the constraint,and the urban center parking lot and P+R parking lot income as the maximum solution,and the solution is obtained in different regions.The optimal combination pricing strategy for parking lots.The pricing model under the government subsidy mechanism takes the principal-agent theory as the mechanism,the incentive compatibility condition is the constraint,and the social benefit is the maximum solution target,and the government subsidy quota is solved.(4)Taking Beijing as an example,taking the number of kilometers of rail transit as the boundary,the area of the city area is refined into 7 circle layers.With the help of Matlab programming,the changing pricing rule of P+R and city center parking lot in different layers is obtained under the complete market competition mechanism,that is,the shorter the distance traveled by the private car in area One,the longer the mileage of the rail transit,and the lower the price of the P+R parking lot.The pricing rules for city center parking lots are the opposite.On this basis,the optimal pricing combination of the P+R parking lot and the city center parking lot in the different circle layers is determined.Spreading out from the city center,the pricing combinations of the layers are[8.3,67.2],[8.4,59.6],[8.5,51.2],[8.6,43.6],[8.7,35.6],[8.8,27.2],[9,20].Under the government subsidy mechanism,the amount of government subsidies decreases with the increase in fares,and the upper limit of the efficiency factor set by the government has a greater impact on the amount of subsidies.When the fare rises to the same price,the higher the upper limit of the efficiency factor,the lower the subsidy received by the P+R company.When the efficiency factor is 2%,the price is 2-9 yuan,and the subsidy of 7.04-0 yuan can be obtained.When the efficiency factor is 5%,the price is 2～9 yuan,and the subsidy amount is 6.83～0 yuan.