Study On The Technical Efficiency Of Family Farms In Songjiang District, Shanghai And Its Influencing Factors

After the No.1 Document of the Central Committee proposed the concept of developing family farms in 2013,family farms were included in the new agricultural management system and became one of the main agricultural management entities.Under the background of deepening the structural reform of the supply side of agriculture,the No.1 Document of the Central Committee in 2019 further proposed to comprehensively deepen rural reform,adhere to the basic status of family management,and give new meaning to the two-tier management system.The sustainable development of family farms will play an important role in promoting food production,increasing farmers' income,and agricultural reform.The Songjiang District of Shanghai began to explore the construction of family farms in 2007.Over the past decade,the number and quality of family farms in Songjiang District have increased rapidly,forming family farms of all sizes and types.Therefore,taking the family farms in Songjiang District of Shanghai as a typical example,exploring the technical efficiency and main influencing factors in the production process of family farms of different scales,we can compare the changes in the production efficiency of family farms with different scales of operation,and grasp the technical efficiency of the farms.The reason is to promote the good development of family farms,provide a new practical path for the formulation of relevant policies,and promote the development of agricultural economy and regional economy in Songjiang.Firstly,the thesis reviews and comments the concept of family farms,technical efficiency and its influencing factors.After clarifying the essential connotation of family farms,technical efficiency,and combing the relevant theories of scale economy theory,production frontier theory,and technical efficiency measurement methods,the two hypotheses about the appropriate scale of family farms and the influencing factors of family farm technical efficiency are put forward.Establish a theoretical framework for the technical efficiency and influencing factors of family farms of different scales of operation.Secondly,select the survey data of Shanghai Songjiang's family farms and use the stochastic frontier function model to measure the technical efficiency of family farms production of different scales.Thirdly,establish a Tobit regression model to analyze the significant factors affecting the variables and find significant factors that affect the technical efficiency of the farm production process.Finally,summing up the research conclusions and proposing five policy recommendations.Studies have shown that in the family farms in Songjiang District,Shanghai,the moderate medium-sized family farms have the highest production technology efficiency value of 0.9002,the small-scale family farms' production technical efficiency is 0.8802,and the large-scale family farms' production technology efficiency is 0.8763.Female farmers can better improve the efficiency of production technology;family farmers originally engaged in agriculture have a positive impact on the efficiency of family farms' production technology;family farm's types have a significant impact on the efficiency of family farms' production technology,the higher the family farm comprehensive,the higher the efficiency of production technology;the period of family farm contract has a positive impact on the level of production technology efficiency;the cost of foreign helpers has a negative effect on the efficiency of production technology;the use of agricultural machinery has a positive impact on the technical efficiency of family farms,and the impact of using agricultural machinery provided by others is more significant.The four variables of the age of the family farmer,the level of education,the number of family laborers,and the duration of the family farms do not have a significant impact on the productivity of the production technology of the family farms.According to the relevant research conclusions,the paper puts forward five policy recommendations:one is to adapt to local conditions and guide moderate scale operation;the second is to improve the agricultural science and technology cultivation system and realize the transformation of new professional farmers;the third is to protect the farmland management right and encourage the extension of the family farms' contract period;the fourth is to improve the social security system and stimulate the enthusiasm of young agricultural workers;the fifth is to increase subsidies and encourage the innovation and development of various family farms.