Research On The Assessment Of Global Food Resources And Their Utilization Efficiency

Food is the material foundation of human survival.However,global food securi-ty crisis,which includes food insufficiency,malnutrition and food supply insufficien-cy,is growing worse.What is more serious is that,global food insecurity and regional inadequate use of food resources exsit side by side.Thus,to evaluate the food re-sources and its use efficiency,as well as the food resources remained to be exploited of each country,this thesis builds the Food Productivity Demand model(FPD)and Food Resources Utilization Efficeincy model(FRUE).The FPD model,which is consumption-oriented,uses Net Primary Production(NPP)to characterize food re-sources and the model,s theoretical foundation is material cycle and energy flow of ecosystem.The food resources assessment results show that:(1)Global NPP(food resources)in 2013 is 76.89 Pg C(equivalent to 170.89 Pg Dry Matter),the food resources of terrestrial vegetations are 53.96Pg C,the food resources of inland water ecosystem are 0.608Pg C,the food resources of Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ)are 22.3Pg C.(2)The Americas,Oceania,East Asia,South Asia,Russia,and Southern Africa are re-gions with a high total food resources,and the total food resources in the Sahara,West Asia,Central Asia,and most European countries are relatively low.(3)Brazil has the highest food resources among all countries,amount to 7.78Pg C(account for 10.12%of global food resources);the total food resources of Brazil,Russia Federal,United States of America,Canada and China account for 35%of global food resources ap-proximately.The results of FPD model calculation indicate that:(1)Global food productivity demand is 2.44Pg C,among which 0.8Pg C productivity demand from plant foods and 1.63Pg C from animal foods.(2)Countries with a large population often have higher food productivity demand;(3)China has the highest food productivity demand in the world,which is 0.22Pg C;the top 20 nations account for approximately 78%of global food productivity demand.According to the FRUE model,this thesis argues that:(1)Egypt has the highest food resources use efficiency(37.87%),followed by Israel(30.67%)and China(22.68%).(2)The spatial pattern of food resources use efficiency takes on the re-markable divisions between high values regions and low values regions.(3)The clus-ter analysis shows that,there are 5 clusters in 171 countries(which have effective values);cluster-1 includes Egypt and Israel;cluster-2 includes China,Belgium,Jor-dan,Bangladesh and Pakistan;cluster-3 includes 11 countries,such as Uzbekistan,Iraq,Germany,Niger and so on;cluster-4 includes United States of America,Japan,Ukraine,Saudi Arabia,Turkey,Spain,Myanmar,and other 32 countries;cluster-5 in-cludes Russia Federal,Canada,Brazil,Argentina,Australia,Kazakhstan,Mongolia and other 107 countries.The anlysis of FRUE model indicates that:(1)the factors affecting the efficiency of food resource utilization in different countries are different.For cluster-1 and clus-ter-2 countries,the long history of food resources development and the large popula-tion,which increase the degree of regional food resources development,utilization and the diversity of food resources utilization,led to the higher food resources utiliza-tion effciency.(2)For cluster-3 countries,the development and utilization of food re-sources in these countries are relatively high.However,they are lower than cluster-1 and cluster-2 countries.And because of the higher per capita food resources,their food resource utilization efficiency is less than cluster-1 and cluster-2 countries.(3)For cluster-4 and cluster-5 ountries,these countries have higher per capita food re-sources,but smaller population,and the development and utilization of food resources is low,so their efficiency of food resource utilization is lower.A comparative analysis of the efficiency of food resources utilization between China and the United States shows that,the full use of food resources and diversified dietary strategies based on the diet system make China's food resources use efficiency much higher than that of the United States.The analysis of the FRUE model can only indicate some of the influencing factors,and more attention should be paid to the de-tailed analysis of specific countries.Based on the discussion and analysis of research datas,research methods,and research conclusions,this thesis believes that the next step should determine the threshold for regional food resource development,and on this basis,assess the efficiency of food resource utilization in various countries.In this way,the research results can provide a possible reference for important issues such as regional or even global food resource development and food supply capacity improvement.