| “Food is the first necessity of the people”.Food is the basic guarantee of living of mankind and also the basic demand of people's livelihood.Food security is always a global major strategic issue that concerns the country's economic development,social stability and political independence.Despite significant progress in the fight against hunger during the last decades,food insecurity remains a major problem in many countries,especially developing ones.After decades of efforts,China has made great achievements in improving food security,but it has also paid a heavy price: resource overdraft,ecological deterioration and land degradation.And in the long term,food security is under pressure from increasing population,decreasing available arable land,accelerating industrialization and deteriorating climate.With the process of trade globalization,the world food trade has become an important part of the world trade,and developing countries gradually increase trade openness and agricultural products trade openness.Food security in developing countries,including China,cannot carry out without the international market,but the impact of trade openness on food security is still controversial.A fair international trading system can promote economic development,especially food trade plays a vital role in eliminating poverty and hunger in developing countries and realizing food security.The study on trade openness and food security in developing countries has theoretical and practical significance.Fair and open trading system can promote economic development,especially food trade plays a vital role in eliminating poverty and hunger in developing countries and realizing food security.The study on trade openness and food security in developing countries has theoretical and practical significance.On the basis of expounding the research background and ideas,this thesis carries out theoretical analysis,empirical research and policy analysis on trade openness and food security.Theoretical analysis mainly elaborates the impact path of trade openness on food security.Empirical research,after an overview of the food security and trade openness development in China and the sample countries,this thesis uses dynamic panel data of 37 developing countries from 2000 to 2015 to explore the impact of trade openness and other factors such as natural disasters on food security.In the estimation method,SYS-GMM method was used to deal with the unobserved heterogeneity and potential endogeneity.Finally,the thesis summarizes the research results and proposes some policy recommendations topromote the sustainable development of food trade and food security in developing countries.Based on the theoretical analysis and empirical results,this thesis mainly draws the following conclusions.First,trade openness has a positive and significant impact on the dietary energy supply adequacy,and also helps to reduce malnutrition rates and improve dietary diversity.Second,economic development,urbanization,favorable domestic policy and availability of domestic agricultural procreative resources are positive for food security.Finally,population growth,natural disasters,armed conflict and inflation pose a threat to food security,which developing countries need to be alert to.Moreover it puts forward policy recommendations for improving the level of food security in China and developing countries,promoting China's grain agriculture to go global,and promoting the voice of developing countries in the global food security governance and the formulation of agricultural trade rules: stabilizing domestic economic development and food production;establishing long-term stable grain trade relations;promoting foreign grain investment;opening up grain trade policies and domestic supporting policies;paying attention to prevention and conflict of natural disasters and climate risks;cooperating with developing countries to actively participate in the global food governance system and be alert to the risks of food trade. |
PDF Full Text Request