The Realistic Difficulties And Breakthroughs In The Reform Of Endowment Insurance In Public Institutions In Guilin

Since 2001,China has officially entered an aging society,and the proportion of the elderly population has increased year by year.Pension has played a decisive role in protecting the elderly's life in our country.However,due to historical reasons,there are two different pension systems for employees of enterprises and institutions.The former has a close relationship with their own contributions.The latter does not need to pay its own fees,but the pension level of the former is lower than that of the latter,which forms the "dual-track" system of China's pension insurance.In order to maintain the unity of the old-age insurance system and maintain social equity,it is imperative to reform the old-age insurance system in government institutions.In January 2015,the State Council officially issued a document that decided to reform the old-age insurance system for staff of government organs and institutions,starting in October 2014.Following the spirit of instructions from superiors,Guilin launched the reform of old-age insurance in Guilin's government and public institutions at the first time,and has achieved certain results since the reform was carried out.Firstly,the units and personnel involved in the reform have basically been insured;secondly,the historical contribution data of the insured personnel have been cleared;and finally,the pensions of government and public institutions have been socialized.But the reform is also facing many practical problems: first,some units and personnel have not been included in the reform,mainly reflected in the lack of clear unit types in some institutions;second,the gap between different groups of pension replacement rate continues to widen,mainly reflected in the pension reform of institutions is still much higher than that of enterprise employees;third,the reform of pension is still much higher than that of enterprise employees;Cost increases financial pressure,mainly reflected in financial support for new occupational annuity accounts,and the gap of "middle-aged" pension after the subsidy reform;Fourth,the supporting policies of reform are not perfect,mainly reflected in the low level of policy co-ordination and the slow formulation of supporting policies;Fifth,the service capacity of the agency encounters bottlenecks,mainly reflected in the ability to interpret policies.It needs to be strengthened,the efficiency of operation needs to be improved and the mode of operation needs to be changed.Compared with our country,most of the foreign pension insurance systems for public servants are earlier than our country in introducing,reforming and perfecting the system,which provides some advisable experience for the reform of the pension insurance of our government and institutions.This paper chooses the United States,Germany,Singapore and Japan as reference objects.Through introducing the establishment,development and reform of the pension insurance system for public servants one by one,it summarizes the effectiveness of the pension insurance for public servants abroad.Firstly,after unification with the national pension insurance system,on the one hand,it solves the problem of social equity and creates a good atmosphere for social stability.A bridge has been built for the flow of talents between the government and enterprises,breaking the invisible institutional barriers.Second,the payment of pension insurance premiums by public officials alleviates the enormous financial pressure brought by the aging society to the government on the one hand,and on the other hand,improves the enthusiasm and responsibility of public officials in their work.Third,compared with the pay-as-you-go system,the full accumulation system and the partial accumulation system can better play the role of preserving and increasing the value of pension,cope with the long-term pressure of pension payment,and play a positive role in development.Some inspirations have also been obtained from the results of reform in various countries: first,unified system and multi-pillar development;second,value-added funds to ease financial pressure;third,delayed retirement to cope with aging.Therefore,on the basis of drawing lessons from foreign experience and combining with the reform policy of our country and the current situation of Guilin's pension insurance reform,the author puts forward the following suggestions with a view to breaking through the current problems facing Guilin: first,to speed up the reform of public institutions and promote the full coverage of reform;second,to narrow the pension gap and promote the full integration of the system;third,to fail.Fourth,we should improve the supporting measures to improve the sustainability of the system;fifth,we should strengthen the capacity-building of the agency and enhance the level of modernization.