Research On The Distribution System Optimization Of Fresh E-commerce Based On "Prepositioned Warehouse"

With the rapid development of the Internet and e-commerce platform,the fresh e-commerce market has developed rapidly.Although the development of fresh e-commerce is in good shape,due to the perishable nature of fresh produces,the high distribution costs of the cold chain restricts the rapid development of fresh e-commerce in China.The emerging “prepositioned warehouse” distribution model can better solve this problem.That establishing “prepositioned warehouse” near customers and transporting fresh products from city distribution centers to “prepositioned warehouse” in advance,through scale transportation,amortizes cold chain costs.And logistics costs are reduced by using time-based cold chains or passive cold storage boxes in the final delivery.But the “prepositioned warehouse” distribution model belongs to the second-tier distributed warehouse system which has a long supply chain,adds great difficulty to the controlling and management of the entire supply chain.Scientifically and rationally researching the “prepositioned warehouse” distribution system of fresh e-commerce,rationally layout “front warehouse”,which not only reduces operating costs for fresh e-commerce companies,improves their own logistics distribution capabilities,and better serves the majority of customer groups,to enhance the company's core competitiveness,but also reduces the pressure on the social logistics.Therefore,it is of great significance to optimize the distribution system of the “prepositioned warehouse” mode of fresh e-commerce.This article took the “prepositioned warehouse” distribution mode of fresh e-commerce as the research object,first defined the concept of “prepositioned warehouse”,summarized its distribution network structure and operation process,and analyzed its advantages and disadvantages through comparing with the existing distribution model and distribution network structure.In order to better reflect the actual situation of the fresh e-commerce “prepositioned warehouse” distribution system,the characteristics of the “prepositioned warehouse” distribution system of the fresh e-commerce are analyzed,which are the perishable nature of fresh products,the Real-time demand and random uncertainty demand of consumers.The article also analyzed the decision-making elements of the optimization of the distribution system,which are location,inventory controlling,vehicle routing,and service time,etc.As each decision-making element interacts with each other,decision-making should be made from a multi-level integration perspective when optimizing the “prepositioned warehouse” distribution system.On this basis,an overall framework of locationinventory-routing integration optimization for fresh e-commerce “prepositioned warehouse” distribution system was constructed..This paper considered the random uncertainties of customer demand,customer service time window,the deteriorating rate of fresh produce and other influencing factors,built distribution system optimization model which combined location inventory and routing with soft time windows under random demand.According to the actual situation,this paper constructed a case for empirical research,that W Fresh Food Company will layout “prepositioned warehouse” and plan distribution system in Jianghan District of Wuhan City.Through comparing the costs of the “prepositioned warehouse” distribution plan and the third-party logistics distribution plan,and analyzing the impact of important parameters on the cost of the distribution system,it showed that the model and algorithm presented in this paper were reliable and effective in practical application.That could provide scientific and rational theoretical basis for the optimization of the “prepositioned warehouse” distribution system of the fresh e-commerce company and other enterprises.