The Evolution Of Farmers' Household Planning Model And Its Enlightenment

The study of rural society has always been unable to leave the basic perspective of the peasant family,and the foundation of the existence and development of the peasant family lies in the maintenance of the family's livelihood.The Chinese government attaches great importance to the issue of “ agriculture,rural areas and farmers ”.The Central No.1document for many years has been aimed at promoting the transformation and upgrading of agriculture,promoting the stability and prosperity of rural society,and ensuring that farmers share the fruits of economic and social development.The rural society itself is also within Born with an infinite power to transform into a modern society.In this context,the Chinese society has undergone tremendous changes,and the peasant family livelihood model is undergoing a tortuous and complex evolution.The academic community has a profound tradition of studying the livelihood of farmers' families.Fei Xiaotong believes that in the traditional small-scale peasant society,the rural handicraft industry,rural industry and agricultural production are closely combined to jointly support the peasant's family livelihood.The maintenance of this family model is inseparable from two major support systems: the organic cycle of agriculture and industry,and the balance mechanism of cities and villages.The raw materials for the cottage and rural industries come from the production of agriculture,and the labor that sustains its operations also comes from the surplus in the agricultural sector.At the same time,the economic income brought by rural industry can become the funds for agricultural reproduction and guarantee the material life of the family.By paying rent to the landlord class and selling handicraft products,farmers can obtain cash income to purchase items needed for daily life,thus maintaining the financial balance between urban and rural areas.After the reform and opening up,the peasant's family livelihood model has undergone certain changes in the case of a large outflow of labor.Farmers' way of earning a living in the industrial field has also experienced the stage of“not leaving the country and leaving the country”.Compared with the traditional small-scale peasant society,the peasant's family planning model has not undergone a fundamental change in its core characteristics.Agriculture still plays a fundamental supporting role,while income from the industrial sector has significantly improved.This “semi-work-and-half-farming” family livelihood model is based on intergenerational division of labor and gender division of labor within the peasant family.It has deep ethical traditions and structural characteristics,which alleviates China's urbanization pressure.Through in-depth study of this model,many scholars have finally formed a localized logical chain to explain Chinese society.Today's rural Chinese society is a complex and interesting structure.The capitalized operation mode and the small-scale farmers' production methods are in parallel.The forces of all parties are constantly carrying out various games,and agriculture is constantly exploring the modernization transformation path.The state advocates accelerating the construction of a new type of agricultural management system and promoting the innovation of agricultural management methods such as family management,collective management,cooperative management,and enterprise management.This process has also resulted in new agricultural operations such as agriculture-related enterprises,large professional households,and family farms.The main body has also emerged as a new type of cooperation entity that engages in pre-and post-production links in agriculture and provides social services for small-scale farmers.The emergence of various new types of subjects has also caused a corresponding change in the family livelihood model of “half-work and half-farming”.Relevant research shows that the livelihood model of some peasant families no longer has the characteristics of “half-work and half-farming”,which has caused the collapse of the village social ethics system and the “semi-unemployed” phenomenon of the middle-aged and old-age labor.The process of peasants entering the city It has been under tremendous pressure,and the countryside will not go back.The city will not be able to enter and it will be difficult to maintain a decent life.Based on the analysis of the existing literature and the field research in Heyang County and Mexican County of Shanxi Province,the viewpoint of this paper is that the “ work-semi-farming ” family planning model is still of great significance to the stability and development of rural society.Agricultural production must reshape some characteristics of the "small farmers" economy to some extent.The peasant's family planning model,which is endowed with the modernization path of Chinese agriculture,is the theoretical support and realistic support for solving the problems of agriculture,rural areas and farmers.