| Since the 21 st century,with the accelerating process of globalization,the technological level of various countries has been continuously improved,and the ability of technological innovation has occupied an increasingly important position in the increasingly fierce international competition.In order to maintain its unique competitive advantage,at the high end of the international division of labor value chain,technological innovation is undoubtedly an inevitable choice for a country and even a region.In April 2018,the outbreak of the "China-US trade war" made China further aware that technological innovation is an endogenous driving force for promoting export trade and promoting economic development.The improvement of technological innovation capability can reduce China's production costs,improve the competitiveness of products in the international market,improve the technical content of products,optimize the structure of export products,and promote the development of export trade.This paper first expounds the international trade theory related to technological innovation,and introduces the related concepts of technological innovation,and discusses the theoretical mechanism of technological innovation to promote export trade;then analyzes the status quo of China's technological innovation and export trade and the relationship between the two;Secondly,through the preparation of the SITCISIC comparison table,the SITC five-digit commodity code of each sub-sector of the manufacturing industry is compiled,and the impact of different technological innovation models on export trade is examined from the industry level,and the commodity structure level and technical content level are further studied.The promotion of China's manufacturing export growth at the national level;on the basis of the above research,the relevant policy recommendations are proposed.The main research conclusions are as follows:First,this paper analyzes the development status and spatial pattern of China's manufacturing export trade based on trade data,and analyzes the output scale and structural change trend of China's manufacturing industry based on different structures,different technical content and different countries,and finds:(1)From the perspective of trade as a whole,the scale of China's manufacturing export trade has expanded significantly.During 2008,due to the impact of the financial crisis,the export trade volume of manufacturing decreased by 16.16% year-on-year,which had a huge negative impact on the export trade of China's manufacturing industry.(2)From the perspective of commodity structure,the scale of export trade of intermediate goods,capital goods and consumer goods in China's manufacturing industry has expanded significantly.The proportion of consumer goods exports is gradually decreasing,but the proportion of intermediate goods exports is gradually increasing.(3)From the perspective of commodity technology content,the scale of export trade of low-tech manufacturing,low-and medium-tech manufacturing,medium-high-tech manufacturing and high-tech manufacturing has significantly expanded and fluctuated,and high-tech manufacturing Industry exports accounted for the largest proportion,accounting for 38.23% of total trade.(4)From the perspective of different trading countries,China's manufacturing export trade to developed and developing countries has gradually expanded.The highest proportion of trade is in the United States,reaching 16.62%.The lowest proportion of trade is Italy,only 1.36%.Secondly,based on the level of technological innovation of China's manufacturing industry,this paper analyzes the changing trend of technological innovation level in the manufacturing industry based on the status quo of technological innovation input and output.(1)From the perspective of technological innovation model,from 2001 to 2005,China's manufacturing innovation model is imitative innovation;from 2006 to 2010,China's manufacturing technology innovation model is independent innovation;2011-2017,China's manufacturing innovation The pattern is fluctuating.(2)From the perspective of investment in technological innovation,the investment in research funding and the input of scientific and technological personnel have gradually increased,among which the investment in intermediate technology innovation has the highest proportion,and the technological innovation in medium and high technology manufacturing and high-tech manufacturing.The most investment.(3)From the perspective of technological innovation output,the scale of patent authorization and human capital level has gradually expanded,and the technological innovation output of middleware,medium and high technology manufacturing and high-tech manufacturing is the highest.Thirdly,through the construction of theoretical models,the impact of different innovation models of China's manufacturing industry on export trade is analyzed.(1)From the perspective of the overall dimension,the input of the independent innovation model has a greater effect on the manufacturing export trade,and the output of the imitation innovation model has a greater role in promoting the export trade of the manufacturing industry.The investment of scientific research funds is hinder to export trade under the two modes,with coefficients of 0.24 and 1.30 respectively;the input of scientific and technological personnel in both modes promotes export trade,with coefficients of 0.27 and 2.10 respectively.The output of technological innovation plays a role in promoting export trade under the model of imitative innovation,and has no significant impact on export trade under the model of independent innovation.(2)From the perspective of technical content,the input and output of the independent innovation model have a stronger promotion effect on medium and high-tech manufacturing and high-tech manufacturing,and have a significant hindrance to low-tech manufacturing.In the two modes,the export trade of industries with lower technology content is hindered,and the coefficient of the export trade barrier effect of low-tech manufacturing under the imitation innovation mode is 0.45,which hinders the export trade of low-tech manufacturing in the independent innovation mode.The coefficient is 2.34,which promotes the export trade of high-tech manufacturing in both modes.From the perspective of technological innovation output,the level of human capital promotes the export trade of various technological content in both modes.(3)From the perspective of commodity structure,under the two modes,the investment in scientific research funds is an obstructive effect on the export trade of intermediate goods,capital goods and consumer goods,and the investment of scientific and technical personnel in the export trade of all three commodities is promoting..Technological innovation output promotes the export trade of intermediate goods,capital goods and consumer goods under the two modes.(4)From the perspective of different countries,under the model of imitative innovation,the investment of scientific research funds has a depressing effect on developing countries,while under the model of independent innovation,it plays a role in promoting developing countries.From the perspective of technological output,in both modes,both developed and developing countries are promoting. |
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