The Mechanism Of Scientific Research Of Citizen Science

Citizen science refers to a social collaboration mode which is based on the Internet and media,opening to public and using citizen intelligence effectively to accomplish scientific research.This mode attracts public participation in scientific activities,covering areas such as ecology,geography,astronomy,public health and so on.In this paper,we studied the representative mode of citizen participation in public science and pay attention to the whole mechanism and objective laws,based on consulting large number of literature and analysis about typical cases.First,we explained the meanings of ?Citizen Science? and compared them to ?Public Participation in Scientific Research? and ?Crowdsourcing?,defining the meaning of citizen science as a professional term.We neatened the developing process of citizen science and introduced some events that brought citizen science into existence and the progress made by modern citizen science.By summarizing these,we conclude the characteristics of citizen science and two methods to rank different citizen science projects.Second,different approaches have been used to collect abundant case materials and typical projects of them were studied in detail.?Galaxy Zoo? and ?Foldit?,were analyzed from different aspects,project design,target analysis and tool evolution.Last,four core elements,public,organization,technology and platform,were compromised as analysis scheme to elaborate interactions among them after decomposition of the citizen science system.The mechanism of citizen science was mainly divided into four parts,stimulation and cooperation mechanism,knowledge innovation mechanism,data governance mechanism and integration of science and education.Stimulation and cooperation mechanism meant how to attract public participation and make useful communication between scientists and citizen.Knowledge innovation mechanism included modularization,collective sharing and policy decision,all of which could create new knowledge.Data governance mechanism concluded the methods that were used in citizen science projects to keep the data fidelity.The mechanism of integration of science and education could combine two different processes,the education of citizen and promotion of scientific research,by using the Internet and new electronic devices.