Research On Characteristics And Countermeasures Of Shrinking Cities In Shandong Province Based On Multi-source Data

In April 2019,National Development and Reform Commission issued the key tasks for the construction of new-type urbanization in 2019,which clearly pointed out that "shrinking small-medium cities should be thinning and strengthening,convert the conventional planning-increment planning,strictly control the increment and revitalize the stock,and guide population and public resources to be concentrated in urban areas".Urban development is no longer a one-way process,but a process of interactive evolution.Shrinking city is a new topic and focus of cross-integration of multiple disciplines and fields and has rich scientific theoretical significance and practical significance for the sustainable development of countries and regions.Based on the urban development stage theory and the sustainable urban development theory,this research calculate the change of urban resident population and the population of permanent residents in cities and towns in Shandong province for the period of 2010 to 2017,to identify and analyze quantity and spatial distribution of shrinking city of Shandong province.Chang Yi and Lai Yang as a typical shrinking city,the vitality of economic development,land use status and basic facilities service level of city is explored the different characteristics with the help of the nighttime light,Point of Interest and Baidu Index.This paper calculates the similarities and differences reasons for different types of shrinking cities,and puts forward the countermeasures to achieve the sustainable development of the city and realize the coordinated development of the urban system.The following main conclusions are drawn:(1)Calculate and spatial analysis of shrinking cities in Shandong province.There are significant differences in the shrinkage amplitude of shrinking cities and diversified types of shrinkage.The range of shrinking cities is more obvious in the eastern region,while the smaller range of shrinking cities in the central and western regions.The main types of shrinking cities are the developing shrinking cities and the structural shrinking cities.(2)Figure out the typical shrinking characteristics of Chang Yi and Lai Yang in term of economy,employment,land use and supporting facilities.The economic development level of the developing shrinking cities is lower than the provincial average,and the economic development speed drops significantly,employment absorption capacity gradually weakened.The brightness of lights in the built-up area decreased,the management,service facilities,commercial facilities and educational and cultural facilities in the built-up area fell off and the land use structure is further unbalanced.The economic development rate of the structural shrinking cities was descended,and the employment attraction is receded by fluctuating.Centre of gravity is significantly scattered in the built-up area,the number of industrial land units in built-up areas distinctly decreased,infrastructure of central areas with high infrastructure density,such as education and medical treatment,were observably reduced.(3)Explore the reasons of shrinking cities on the characteristics of urban development.The basic reasons of urban shrinkage are particularity and historical difference of regional economy.The causes of different types of shrinking cities have own emphases.On the one hand,there is traditional kinetic energy ratio by industrial structure,in the developing shrinking cities.Serious environmental pollution has triggered to insufficient the population attraction.Polluting industries and enterprises develop slowly under the supervision of environmental pollution inspection.On the other hand,the upgrading and adjustment of the structural shrinking cities industrial structure is slow,and the proportion of aging population is serious,and the proportion of the younger people is decreasing,resulting in the phenomenon of labor shortage.The internal consumption capacity recedes and domestic demand shrinks does not have significant advantages under the policy adjustment.(4)In view of the causes of shrinking cities,the following countermeasures are proposed: first,adjust and optimize industrial structure,promote the upgrading and transformation of industrial structure and solve the problem of residents' employment.In addition,pursuit the urban economic interests and maximize the sustainable development of the city by establishing ecological economic development.Third,make use of complementary advantages to heighten the city's own economic strength,achieve common development with the surrounding areas,and form a benign relationship of mutual influence and interaction.The last,should focus on building a mechanism to promote the healthy development of cities and intensify the guiding role of government actions in urban development for the government.