| At present,China no longer only pursues quantity for economic development,it is more focused on quality.High-quality economic development can better meet the needs of people in the pursuit of a better life.Achieving high-quality development requires China to transform and develop factor-intensive industries into technology and knowledge-intensive industries.China's high-tech industry is the representative of China's technology and knowledge-intensive industry.It needs to give play to its leading role in other industries in China,accelerate the innovation of other industries in China,realize the optimization and upgrading of China's industrial structure,and guide the transformation of lower manufacturing to higher Manufacturing industry to improve the quality of China's economic development.At present,although China's high-tech industry is faster in innovation and development than other manufacturing industries in China,it still has some gaps compared with foreign countries,and there are problems of uneven internal development.Measuring the stock of R&D capital in China's high-tech industries can clarify the development status of China's high-tech industries,compare the development gap between industries within the industry,provide a basis for the distribution of capital among industries,and provide further input-output analysis.Provide more accurate data.In addition,China's National Economic Accounting System(2016)released in 2017 explicitly included R&D in fixed assets and no longer treated as intermediate consumption.Accounting for the stock of R&D capital in high-tech industries can enrich China's R&D capitalization research.In order to calculate the R&D capital stock of China's high-tech industry,this paper summarizes the current status of the accounting methods and parameter setting methods of the R&D capital stock in the domestic high-tech industry.Based on the BEA method,the R&D capital stock of China's high-tech industries is calculated.First,based on the forward-looking profit model,the relevant parameters are set appropriately and a certain method is used to calculate the R&D capital depreciation rates of the five industries in China's high-tech industry.Based on the same rate,use the linear regression method to calculate the growth rate of R&D capital stock in China's high-tech industry.Based on this,combine the depreciation rate to calculate the initial R&D capital stock of each industry in the high-tech industry,and then use the producers in each industry to leave the factory The price index and the weighted average of the consumer price index and the fixed asset price index replace the R&D price index by industry.Based on these parameter settings,the R&D capital stock calculation formula is used to calculate the R&D capital stock of China's high-tech industries over the years.Then analyze the results.The study mainly draws the following conclusions:(1)The depreciation rates of the five industries in China's high-tech industry are different.Among them,the R&D depreciation rate of the electronics and communication equipment manufacturing industry is the lowest,the computer and office equipment manufacturing industry has the highest depreciation rate,and the high-tech industry The depreciation rate of the five industries is relatively high compared to other industries.(2)Among the five industries,the highest initial R&D capital stock is electronics and communication equipment manufacturing,pharmaceutical manufacturing is second,aviation and aerospace related equipment manufacturing ranks third,and medical instrument equipment and instrument manufacturing are ranked fourth.The initial R&D capital stock of the computer and office equipment manufacturing industry is less than one tenth of the initial R&D capital stock of the electronics and communications equipment manufacturing industry,indicating that in 1996,China invested most of its R&D capital into Electronic and communication equipment manufacturing industry,the country vigorously developed the industry in 1996.(3)As of 2016,among the five industries in China's high-tech industry,the R&D capital stock formed by the electronics and comnunication equipment manufacturing industry is the highest,and the R&D capital stock of the two industries related to medicine is also high.Computers and office equipment The final R&D capital stock formed by the manufacturing industry and the aviation and aerospace-related equipment manufacturing industry is relatively close,and it is at the bottom of the five industries,indicating that compared with the other four industries,China's development in the electronics and communications equipment manufacturing industry is the fastest.Yes,more capital is invested in this industry.The development of medicine is at an intermediate level among the five industries,while the computer and office equipment manufacturing industry and the aerospace and equipment manufacturing industry have the slowest development levels among the five industries.The development gap between the five industries in the high-tech industry is very obvious,and the development is in an uneven state.Therefore,in the future development,it is necessary to balance the investment between the human and material resources of R&D in the high-tech industry.Balanced development,and then give play to the leading role of China's high-tech industry in other domestic industries,accelerate the transformation and upgrading of other industries,and gradually realize knowledge and technology-intensive production.The possible innovations in this article are:First,the setting of the depreciation rate.When calculating the depreciation rate of R&D capital,this article does not set it to a fixed value,but chooses a suitable method to calculate the depreciation rate by industry,and further calculates the R&D capital stock,which is more in line with reality.Second,the R&D price index is set.This article uses the BEA method to calculate the R&D capital stock.Considering that high-tech industries are knowledge and technology-intensive industries,industry differences have an impact on the R&D price index.This article will calculate the R&D price index according to The industry sub-industrial producer price index is added to it,and the R&D price index is synthesized by combining the consumer price index and the fixed asset investment price index.The shortcomings of this article are:First,because the data of 2017 is stored in the China High-Tech Industry Statistical Yearbook 2018,and the yearbook was released in 2019,there is a two-year delay,so the data of this article is only obtained in 2016 Second,the timeliness is poor.Second,because the Statistical Yearbook of China's High-tech Industry has adjusted its statistical caliber in 2011,the collected data is inconsistent before and after,and may affect the final calculation results. |
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