Temporal-spatial Distribution Patterns And Location Choice Of New Firms

Firm location selection is an important process factor for the formation,agglomeration and diffusion of industrial clusters,and the location selection of new firms as an important topic for studying the changes of regional industrial spatial patterns not only reflects the latest changes in industrial location patterns,but also is one of the important driving forces to enhance regional economic strength.Since the 1990 s,with China's active integration with the global market,the factors affecting the location selection of new firms have gradually changed from the national administrative directives in the planned economy era to the global environment,regional markets,and local competition and other factors in the market economy era.As a strategic,basic and leading industry of China's national economy,electronic information manufacturing industry plays an important role in promoting social employment,adjusting industrial structure,transforming development methods and promoting national economic development.However,most of the previous studies have focused on the analysis of the evolution of the spatial and temporal pattern of the electronic information manufacturing industry and the spatial layout factors,and relatively neglected the research on the factors of location selection of the new firms in the electronic information manufacturing industry.Based on this,the study takes the globalization,marketization and decentralization of the economic transformation process as the background,constructs a three-in-one comprehensive analysis framework of "global environment-regional market-local competition",and discusses spatial-temporal evolution and location selection mechanism of electronic information manufacturing new firms from the perspective of micro-enterprises.The research not only helps to understand China's ongoing economic transformation and spatial reconstruction from a micro perspective,but also has certain practical significance for the adjustment and optimization of the spatial structure of China's electronic information manufacturing industry.The study found:(1)New firms in the electronic information manufacturing industry have typical spatial and temporal differences.The Yangtze River Delta region and the Pearl River Delta region have always been hot spots for the location selection of new firms,while the concentration of new firms in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has shown a declining trend.The Chengdu-Chongqing area has gradually become a hot spot for the location selection of new firms.Overall,a "diamond" hot spot area has been formed that is with the Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Chengdu-Chongqing as the core.(2)Judging from the time characteristics of the location selection factors of new firms,each influencing factor has obvious differences at different time stages.The influence of foreign direct investment factors has gradually weakened;the proportion of exports is constrained by the international market environment,and the influence has changed greatly in time;the labor cost has evolved from a positive effect to a negative effect,and has gradually become the core factor for the location selection of new firms.New firms are competing on a "bottom-by-bottom" basis;the impact of the urbanization economy on the location choice of electronic information new firms is gradually weakening,and the impact of localized economies is gradually increasing;the role of government policy factors in attracting new firms is gradually increasing,while the effect on the proportion of state-owned enterprises hindering new firms gradually weakened.(3)Judging from the spatial characteristics of the location selection factors of new firms,each influencing factor has typical heterogeneity in different regions.The proportion of exports has a significant impact in the eastern region,but not in the central and western regions;labor costs inhibit the establishment of new firms in the eastern region,and promote the establishment of new firms in the central and western regions;in the eastern region,in order to avoid excessive competition from the same companies Economy,therefore,the pursuit of agglomeration of different enterprises brings agglomeration effects,and the urbanization economy has a significant impact,while new firms in the central and western regions tend to agglomerate areas of the same type,and the localization economy has a significant impact.Foreign direct investment and government policies have significantly promoted the establishment of new firms in various regions;the proportion of state-owned enterprises has hindered the establishment of new firms in various regions.(4)From the perspective of the spatial-temporal interaction characteristics of the location selection factors of new firms,different regions have obvious differences in the factors that affect the location selection of new firms in different time stages.Due to the high economic level and the rapid development of electronic information manufacturing industry in the eastern region,the main influencing factors for the location selection of new firms companies at different time stages are obviously different.The influencing factors are from foreign direct investment,urbanization economy,and the proportion of state-owned enterprises.The main change is the localization economy,government policy,foreign direct investment and labor cost factors.The main influencing factors of the location selection of new information firms in the electronic information manufacturing industry in the central region are foreign direct investment and government policies.The main influencing factors of the location selection of electronic information manufacturing new firms in the western region are foreign direct investment,labor cost and localized economy.