Research On Family Farm Support Policy In China

Family farms were first included in the No.1 Document of the Central Govern-ment in 2013.By 2018,600,000 family farms will be included in the list of the ministry of agriculture and rural affairs,more than four times the number in 2013.In 2019,the general office of the CPC central committee and the state council issued the opinions on promoting organic integration between the development of small farmers and modern agriculture,which further stated:"launch the family farm cultivation program to cultivate a group of farmers' family farms with moderate scale,intensive production,advanced management and obvious benefits." The document points the way for the future development of family farms and will help the development of family farms in China move to a new stage.Family farm is promoting the development of agricultural modernization in our country is the most important organization form,is also the most basic component part of the new type of agricultural management main body,is generally considered can bear the important task in the transformation of agricultural modernization,with a high-quality,highly skilled professional agricultural management main body,in solving the "who's going to land,how kind well" this prominent problem plays an important role.However,the development of family farm is still in the early stage,and it is faced with difficulties in land transfer,difficult financing,expensive financing and incomplete infrastructure.It should be recognized that,although the decisive role of the market in a market economy has not changed,government support and services can guarantee the better development of family farms.The government needs to play a better role in regulation,guidance,support and service.It has been seven years since family farms were formally proposed,and their development status,policy needs and policy support are all in urgent need of research.In this paper,the definition of family farm connotation,the difficulties it faces,policy support and other relevant literature are sorted and analyzed to clarify the current focus of family farm research and the aspects that need to be paid attention to.Based on the theory of life cycle,it defines that China's family farms are in the initial stage of development.Under the characteristics of this stage of development,the analysis of national monitoring data shows that China's family farms are mainly engaged in grain business,but their overall operation types are diversified.The average scale of cultivated land management is moderate scale,but the scale between individuals is great disparity.It is dominated by the family labor force,but the total number of employees is too large.The operation condition is good,but faces the multifaceted operation difficult characteristic.It is pointed out that the family farm is faced with the constraints of land,capital,risk and talent.Combined with field survey on the family farm in Henan province,the method of using statistics and case analysis to study the policy requirements of the family farm,found that is the most demand policy support in the family farm loan discount,at the same time policy requirements have convergence,strong demand for basic elements for policy support and look forward to receiving direct preferential support characteristics.Based on a large number of collecting and organizing policies,the current family farm policy supply framework defined,at the same time to two levels,the central and local governments will be divided into local features three regional policy classification summary,found that at present,the surrounding land,financial subsidies,financial credit,etc to support the family farm made a systematic policy,and local governments have also made innovative results.But there are still support policy access to scale;Too many cost-linked subsidies;The policy's pertinence is not strong,the targeting mechanism has deviation and lags behind other new business entities;Insufficient policy support and large regional differences.Through the comparative analysis of the supply and demand perspective,it can be seen that policy supply and demand of family farms are in an unbalanced state,which is manifested in the unbalanced structure,degree and content of policy supply and demand.The reason for the imbalance is mainly to ignore the current life cycle stage of family farms.Lack of necessary legal and regulatory support;Policy flexibility resulting from a hierarchical policy system.According to the reasonable policy demand,the paper proposes to establish the family farm support policy system and endows it with legal significance.Based on the initial stage,establish a policy targeting mechanism;According to the policy demand,improve the supply and increase the support,in order to improve the directivity and effect of the policy to ensure the stable and healthy development of family farms at the initial stage.