Study On Cultivation Of New Agricultural Management Entities Under The Perspective Of Farmers' Livelihood In Typical Soil And Water Loss Areas

Soil and water loss is a common phenomenon and one of the main shackles that seriously restricts the development of agriculture in mountainous areas.How to develop agriculture efficiently and stably under the premise of ecological restoration and soil and water conservation has been the research focus of similar areas at home and abroad for a long time.It can not only control soil and water loss,but also obtain good ecological,economic and social benefits.It is a problem of soil and water conservation that all walks of life have been exploring.In recent years,NO.1 document of the Central People's Government has paid great attention to new agricultural management entities and the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy have given rise to the possibility of solving the above-mentioned problems.Cultivating the new agricultural management entities,constructing new agricultural management system and developing modern agriculture are the best ways to solve the problem of maximum benefit in soil and water loss areas.However,soil and water conservation and the construction of modern new agricultural management system are a long-term,sustained process.In the past seven years,the new agricultural management entities has been rich in types and developing rapidly,but it is also difficult to cultivate and develop the new agricultural management entities in the area of soil and water loss,which is of great significance.Therefore,this paper chooses typical soil and water loss area,through questionnaire investigation and on-the-spot visit,quantifies livelihood capitals on the basis of first-hand data and farmers' livelihood perspective,and quantitatively analyzes the relationship between farmers' livelihood capitals stock and the choice of livelihood strategies.The influence factors and development mechanism of cultivating the new agricultural management entities in the study area were analyzed,and then the symbiosis model of optimal development of farmers and the new agricultural management entities was put forward.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)Using the framework of sustainable livelihood analysis,this paper quantitatively deals with the livelihood capitals of farmers in the research area,and divides the total amount of livelihood capitals into 8 sections,so as to analyze the differences of the livelihood capitals of poor households and ordinary farmers in the study area.From the perspective of lack of livelihood capitals,the order of livelihood capitals of poor households in the study area is: financial capitals,material capitals,social capitals,human capitals,natural capitals;From the point of wealth of livelihood capitals,the order of relative rich livelihood capitals of ordinary farmers is: material capitals,natural capitals,human capitals,financial capitals,social capitals;Based on the inventory of farmers' livelihood capitals,this paper makes a separate investigation and analysis of the farmers' cognitive capitals,and finds that among the subjects surveyed,the farmers' awareness of ecological and environmental protection is generally high,and about 97% of the people have a high awareness of soil and water conservation.Rural ecological environment has a strong sense of protection;89% of people think that the research area has a better resource basis for developing rural tourism,which is an important basis for ecological poverty alleviation and industrial revitalization in the study area.(2)The AHP structure model is constructed,through the analysis of the index system of the influencing factors of cultivating new agricultural management entities,according to the influence factors of new agricultural management entities and the weight ranking of the influence factor are found out.At present,in the core area of soil and water loss,the importance of the family farm in the new agricultural management entities is greater than that of the leading enterprise,the farmer professional cooperative and the large household,should focus on cultivating or giving priority to the development;The investment of soil and water conservation funds,poor population and agricultural subsidies are the first three influencing factors.Through the comparative analysis,it is found that the development of leading enterprises,farmer professional cooperatives,large households and other types of agricultural management entities is not as good as the development of family farms,to make up for the shortcomings and adjust the structure is the key to cultivation in the future;Therefore,based on the characteristics and development status of different agricultural management entities,this paper discusses the coupling symbiosis model between farmers and new agricultural management entities by means of symbiosis theory analysis.The development model of symbiosis of agricultural management entity is put forward for the purpose of soil and water conservation.(3)Based on the symbiosis theory,the symbiosis of the agricultural management entity is the optimization of the development mode of the farmers and the new agricultural management entities,it is the guide to the integration and development trend of the agricultural industry development,and it is a kind of circular agriculture among the farmers and ecological agriculture in the village area.Township-level regional leisure and sightseeing agriculture as one of the agricultural pattern;The aim of this paper is to promote the formation of "integrated symbiosis" organization model and "symmetrical and mutually beneficial symbiosis" mode of the new agricultural management entities,so as to realize soil and water conservation,sustainable livelihood of farmers,and efficient and sustainable development of the new agricultural management entities.At present,the new agricultural management entities in the study area needs to be integrated,and the development mode needs to be optimized.From the angle of optimizing symbiosis environment and opening symbiosis interface,the cultivation and analysis of symbiotic body of soil and water conservation agricultural management entity will be carried out,which will fully excavate the versatility of regional agricultural industry and bring into play the multi-benefit of soil and water conservation.So as to promote the sustainable development of regional economy.