Study On Livelihood Of Farmers From Headwaters Region Of Yunmeng Lake

Water resources security is one of the most important problems of ecological security in China.China's water resources is uneven,the temporal and spatial distribution of per capita consumption,the impact of human activities and other significant characteristics,coupled with China's rapid economic and social development leads to the water supply and demand contradiction,water pollution is serious.The establishment of water resources protection areas and the protection of water resources is one of the important measur es to ensure the ecological security of our country.But for the farmers who rely on nature reserves for production and life,the establishment of water resources protection area will have a great impact on local farmers.Because the farmer's production and life style by reserve regulations strictly limit,the livelihood problem is restricted,and ultimately the formation of the local farmers' livelihood construction and water resources protection district incompatible "situation in the short term.The problem of how to solve the problem of "eating" and "drinking water" in the upper reaches of the river,and finally forms the "interdependence" situation of water source protection and farmers' livelihood,is the focus of the government and the community.In this paper,the protection of the water source area in the water source protection area for example.Based on the Shandong province Mengyin County Yunmeng lake water source protection area surrounding farmers on the basis of field research,using the method of participatory rural assessment(PRA)for household survey to obtain relevant data,with the help of the UK Department for International Development(DFID)to develop sustainable livelihoods framework,analysis of the characteristics of farmers' livelihood capital and livelihood activities from five human capital,natural capital,financial capital,physical capital and social capital,to explore the area of local farmers livelihoods Yunmeng lake water protection,finally draw the following three conclusions:(1)Yunmeng lake water source protection area in the livelihood of farmers' livelihood capital five indexes and total number of livelihood capital index are backward ordinary farmers in Mengyin county.The establishment of the water source protection area has a certain impact on the livelihood of farmers;(2)the change of farmers' livelihood activities.Change the farmer's livelihood activities by traditional breeding industry to non-agricultural industries: farmers mainly for farming and animal husbandry to go out to work,doing odd jobs,business based,supplemented by the way of planting livelihood activities.(3)the diversity of the livelihoods of the farmers in the water source protection area of Cloud Lake was greatly increased,but the diversity index was still lower than that of Mengyin county.In order to meet the needs of the farmers,the farmers have to increase their livelihoods and set up the livelihood combination strategy in order to meet their needs.However,there are still some gaps in the living diversity index of the farmers in the Mengyin lake water source protection area and the ordinary farmers in the lake area,due to the influence of many factors,such as resource endowment,education,social resources and so on.In order to improve the livelihood of farmers,promote water conservation and livelihoods "win-win",the author in the improvement of water source protection zone of ecological compensation system,improve the water farmers employment ability and the employment level,three aspects of improving the level of social security sources farmers corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to improve the livelihoods of the water source protection zone.