Research On The Influence Of Science And Technology Services Agglomeration On Urban Entrepreneurship

With China's economy entering the New Normal,cities are facing tremendous pressure of economic restructuring,"Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation" has become an important driving force for national economic development.Schumpeter believes that "innovation" is the core of entrepreneurship,and mainly comes from the "creative destruction" of entrepreneurs,which has triggered a lot of research on entrepreneurship.Most studies believe that the essence of entrepreneurship is business entrepreneurship and innovation entrepreneurship,and most of them analyze the influencing factors from the perspective of personal characteristics and environmental characteristics.However,there is a lack of literature on the impact of entrepreneurship from the perspective of Science and Technology Services agglomeration.In recent years,more and more scholars believe that entrepreneurship and innovation are complex processes,which require effective knowledge exchange and interaction.As a new industry providing knowledge services for innovation and entrepreneurship,Science and Technology Services plays an active role in promoting knowledge spillover,business incubation,resource integration and technology transfer.As one of the most active areas of entrepreneurship and innovation in China,the Yangtze River Delta Region has initially formed the trend of the agglomeration development of Science and Technology Services.Therefore,this paper takes the Yangtze River Delta Region as an example to study the impact of Science and Technology Services agglomeration on business entrepreneurship and innovation entrepreneurship,which is of great significance to enhance the vitality of urban entrepreneurship and innovation,as well as promote the deployment of the national strategy of "Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation".Based on the number of private and individual employees,the number of employees in Science and Technology Services,the number of patent applications and the city innovation index from 2006 to 2016,this paper uses the spatial econometric model to explore the impact of Science and Technology Services agglomeration on business entrepreneurship and innovation entrepreneurship.Chapter two and chapter three comb the related literature and basic theories of Science and Technology Services and entrepreneurship,and put forward the research hypothesis of this paper.In the fourth chapter,it summarizes the development status quo and agglomeration characteristics of Science and Technology Services in the Yangtze River Delta Region.Chapter five explores the impact of Science and Technology Services agglomeration on business entrepreneurship by using one-way and two-way fixed effect model and then differentiates the opportunity entrepreneurship and necessity entrepreneurship based on the entrepreneurial motivation,and further analyzes the heterogeneity.Chapter six uses the same method to explore the impact of Science and Technology Services agglomeration on innovation entrepreneurship,and conducts the robustness test.The conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)The Yangtze River Delta Region is one of the areas with a high level of Science and Technology Services agglomeration in China,but within the region,the distribution of science and technology service industry agglomeration is unbalanced.From the vertical perspective,the agglomeration degree of Science and Technology Services is gradually increasing,and the development gap between three provinces and one city is obvious,and the spatial distribution is more concentrated in Shanghai and the provincial capitals of Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Anhui.(2)As far as business entrepreneurship is concerned,the regression results of one-way and two-way fixed effect models show that the location entropy of Science and Technology Services is negatively correlated with business entrepreneurship,while the secondary term of location entropy is positively correlated with business entrepreneurship.It shows that the level of Science and Technology Services agglomeration is U-shaped relationship with business entrepreneurship.The highest and lowest level areas can promote the business entrepreneurship,but in the middle level areas,it is a negative impact.In addition,the entrepreneurial types are divided into opportunity entrepreneurship and necessity entrepreneurship.The results show that the Science and Technology Services agglomeration has a positive and significant impact on the opportunity entrepreneurship,but has no significant impact on the necessity entrepreneurship.(3)In terms of innovation entrepreneurship,the regression results show that Science and Technology Services agglomeration has a positive impact on innovation entrepreneurship,but excessive agglomeration has a competitive crowding effect,which leads to the decrease of innovation vitality.Besides,the explanatory variable index will be replaced with the city innovation index in the robustness test and the result shows that the conclusion is reliable.The enlightenment of the research is that we need to give full play to the role of Science and Technology Services in promoting business entrepreneurship and innovation entrepreneurship.The specific ways include: cultivating and strengthening Science and Technology Services institutions,improving the function of scientific and technological services;making clear the choice of industrial direction,improving the mechanism of industry-university-institute cooperation;optimizing the connotation of talent training,establishing the mechanism of talent flow;forming the joint efforts of the government and the market to improve the environment of government service and market development.