Comparative Study On Cognitive Labor Division Model

Because of the complexity of contemporary science,scientific research is mostly dominated by scientific groups,and such groups achieve success in scientific projects partly because they allocate respective cognitive labor to their fields.On the discussion of the division of cognitive labor,two questions commonly appear.First,in order to achieve a certain goal in the scientific community,what methods can be used to achieve the best division of cognitive labor? Second,how can a task force achieve optimal efficiency? Philip Kitcher took the lead in studying this work,answering the core questions of cognitive division of labor and constructing the Marginal Contribution Model.After that,Michael Strevens further refined the Marginal Contribution Model based on the Kitcher 's model including many theories and concepts from the field of economics.Wade Hands,Brad Wray,Michael Weisberg and Ryan Muldoon criticize the marginal contribution model from three angles: the relationship between economics and philosophy,the "invisible hand" theory,and the dependence of the Marginal Contribution Model on the hypothesis of distribution and the hypothesis of the function of success.but developed a " Epistemic Landscape " model based on an ecological approach.Subsequently,Johanna Thoma realized that there are some dilemmas in the Epistemic Landscape model and solved them,perfecting the models of Weisberg and Muldoon.Thus,through continuous development,the theory of cognitive division of labor has gradually formed a kind of opposition,that is,the Marginal Contribution Model dominated by Kitcher,and the Epistemic Landscape Model based on Weisberg.But here are also similarities in cognitive motivation,maximum utility,and evaluation criteria.In conclusion,we find that the above development of cognitive division of labor model,inheritance and beyond the previous ideas,in each stage of the development of cognitive division of labor model is reflected.As the pioneer of this work,Kitcher's Marginal Contribution Model did have a certain impact on later scholars.Subsequently,Strevens' Marginal Contribution Model,drawing on Kitcher's approach,enriched the model on its basis.Weisberg and Muldoon constructed the Epistemic Landscape Model using a completely different approach from the Marginal Contribution Model.In the above comparison,we find that they are the same in terms of evaluation criteria,and both adopt the priority principle.Both models are inseparable from the highly idealized features.In order to maximize the reality of the cognitive division of labor model,it is necessary to take factors such as external environment and individual scientists into account.