Multiple Dimensions Of Proximity And Regional Knowledge Spillover

Proximity and regional knowledge spillover has become a new perspective of multi discipline research of regional economics and new economic geography in recent ten years.From the geographical proximity to nongeographical proximity,and multidimensional proximity,study is going deeply,but many of scholars ignore the innovation is a dynamic process.They didn't notice that how the effect of different adjacent dimensions on regional knowledge spillover develop over time.For example,as time went on,if the importance of geographical proximity effect is changed,what happened,and why this trend,what did other neighboring dimensions play in this process?This paper based on this starting point,and examined effects of geographical proximity,technological proximity,transportation convenient degree and information proximity on high-tech industries inter-provincial knowledge spillovers by using the method of spatial econometrics.Firstly,the mechanism and matrix representation of various adjacency in knowledge spillover are analyzed.Then,using geoda software to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of high-tech industry innovation activities in China,and test its spatial correlation,then put forward the spatial panel model of regional innovation activities.Finally,this paper do the regression analysis of panel data on innovation of high tech industry in China during the years of 2000-2014 to analyze the effect of R&D capital and R&D human input on the regional innovation output of high-tech industry and the existence of regional knowledge spillovers.Then put the year of 2000-2014 into 3 time period,and do regression analysis respectively.By comparing the above results,the role of various neighboring dimensions in the process of knowledge spillover over time will be obtained.The empirical results indicate that,first,China's high tech industry innovation activity shows obvious spatial correlation.In the various neighboring dimensions,there are significant regional knowledge spillovers in China's high technology industry,and knowledge spillovers from neighboring provinces are significantly promote the province innovation activities.Second,there is a diminishing marginal output of capital investment in R & D,with the development of time,its role in promoting the output of high-tech industry is significantly less than before.And the role of human resources has gradually highlighted.Third,the promotion of transportation proximity a nd technology proximity to high-technology industry knowledge spillover is relatively large,the role of geographical proximity gradually becomes smaller,and the role of information gradually becomes bigger.Finally,we discuss the reasons of the above results and put forward some suggestions.High tech industry is knowledge intensive industry,which determines that its innovation output ultimately depends on innovative talents.With the continuous improvement of China's science and technology infrastructure,the marginal output of R&D capital investment continues to decrease,the role of R&D personnel will be highlighted.In addition,under the background of the rapid development of communication network and modern traffic,the cost of cooperation innovation and communication between the two regions with relatively remote geographical distance will decrease.And unit transport costs of the product of high technology industry accounted for a smaller proportion of the total cost.The increase of regional transportation convenient degree will make this ratio smaller,which greatly reduces the spillover costs caused by geographical distance factors,so the role of geographical proximity in the knowledge spillover of high-tech industry is gradually weakened.