| Poverty alleviation is one of China’s key tasks in recent years and an important way to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects in the 13 th five-year plan.The targeted poverty alleviation policies put forward by the CPC central committee will be implemented in an active and orderly manner at all grass-roots units,and effective progress will be made in poverty alleviation across the country by 2020.As the battle for poverty alleviation draws to a close,it has become a major problem for poverty alleviation work to lift people out of poverty in deeply impoverished areas,and to retain and prevent the achievements of poverty alleviation in other areas that have been lifted out of poverty.The problem of unbalanced development and large gap in income distribution in China will exist for a long time to come.The eradication of absolute poverty does not mean the solution of deep poverty,and relative poverty will still exist.Therefore,poverty alleviation has a long way to go.Preserving the achievements of poverty alleviation and reducing the rate of return to poverty should be the focus of future poverty alleviation work.The core of "targeted poverty alleviation" is to take the causes leading to poverty back to poverty as the guidance and provide targeted help,which is called "poverty based measures".If we want to do this,we must explore the root causes of the return of poverty,so as to achieve a stable effect of poverty reduction.From the perspective of previous poverty alleviation work,the incidence of poverty caused by disasters accounts for 20%,and it can be concluded that disasters are an important factor leading to poverty.So far,the main battlefield of poverty alleviation work is the "three districts and three states" with special ecological environment and some scattered areas of deep poverty.The common characteristics of these areas are poor natural conditions,poor ecological environment,poor productivity,strong poverty vulnerability,and great risk of falling into poverty again,presenting a high degree of "coupling" between poverty and ecological environment.Therefore,in the face of the deep poverty areas with insufficient "innate" conditions,it is an unavoidable problem in the decisive period of the battle against poverty to overcome the difficulty of returning to poverty due to the disaster.To solve the problem of poverty caused by disasters,the key points are to improve China’s ability to resist disaster risks,improve China’s scientific system of disaster prevention and reduction,and strengthen the construction of rural public infrastructure.To this end,China has issued a number of policies to encourage the improvement of disaster prevention and reduction capacity.The central document in 2019 calls for expanding agricultural insurance trials and promoting the role of insurance in disaster risk management.In 2015,Dali prefecture government signed a contract with chengtai insurance company and landed China’s first earthquake insurance policy for agricultural houses with magnitude index--Dali prefecture earthquake insurance policy for agricultural houses.The insurance pilot has the dual attributes of government leadership and market operation and effectively integrates social resources.As an important tool for disaster prevention and reduction,catastrophe insurance can effectively reduce post-disaster losses and guarantee the economic level of the affected areas.As a link in the scientific system of disaster prevention and reduction,Dali prefecture agricultural housing earthquake insurance policy can alleviate poverty,what is the effect of poverty alleviation,and how to alleviate poverty will be the main issues discussed in this paper.Dali prefecture belongs to the deep-poverty region in China,which has not achieved the goal of removing the poverty counties in the whole prefecture by the beginning of 2020.Besides,it is located in the disaster-prone area and has a complex ecological environment,which can effectively represent the deep-poverty region described above.Dali prefecture policy-based agricultural housing earthquake insurance pilot is a catastrophe insurance,compared with commercial insurance policy,is an important tool for disaster prevention and reduction in China.As the policy-based rural housing earthquake insurance is in the pilot stage,and the time is short and it is impossible to conduct empirical analysis with spatial and temporal data,this paper adopts case study and questionnaire survey to obtain relevant data and information and analyze its poverty reduction effect.First of all,this paper expounds the fact that disaster leads to poverty,and it is of great significance to study the poverty reduction effect of policy-based rural housing earthquake insurance pilot.Secondly,it reviews the domestic and foreign research literature on disaster induced poverty,earthquake insurance and poverty,reviews the domestic and foreign research,reviews the literature,and then shows the purpose of this research,then defines the relevant concepts,expounds the policy-based agricultural housing earthquake insurance and poverty,and introduces and summarizes the relevant theories.Third,it puts forward the development status of Dali prefecture’s agricultural housing earthquake insurance pilot project and Dali prefecture’s poverty-stricken county.Fourth,the author analyzes the three ways of the earthquake insurance for rural houses with policy in Dali to alleviate poverty,namely,to stabilize the economy,affect the income distribution and relieve the pressure of life.The fifth part selects the county level and the farmer household two perspectives to carry on the analysis.County belongs to the overall perspective,the part of the selection Dali prefecture YangBi County earthquake as an example,assume that the four with the economic level of peasants,rich peasants F respectively,has been out of poverty,farmers in poverty line(income levels near)T1,has been out of poverty farmers(per capita income level is county level),not poverty farmers,combining claims data of the four kinds of different economic level of peasants for what-if analysis,it is concluded that the effectiveness of different poverty reduction paths.From the perspective of farmers,questionnaire survey is adopted to understand the actual situation of the investigated rural areas and farmers’ real views on the insurance,so as to analyze the poverty reduction effect.The main research conclusions are as follows:Through case analysis,it can be concluded that Dali prefecture’s policy-based agricultural housing earthquake insurance can help to reduce the psychological pressure of farmers at four different economic levels.Stabilization of the economic level for the rich farmers and county income level of farmers out of poverty has a more significant role.In terms of narrowing the income distribution gap,Dali prefecture’s policy-based farm house earthquake insurance has an impact on farmers at four different economic levels,which is not instantaneous but a gradual process,and can play a role in the long term.Through the analysis of the perspective of farmers,it is concluded that the insurance can relieve the psychological pressure of the affected farmers.About a stable economy and loan credit problem,because in the process of insurance claims in practice need to pass multiple institutions,through the layers of government assessment,measurement,the public notice,acceptance,really need a long process of getting the affected farmers,and farmers instant sense is stronger,the effect of the most recognized only immediate,so farmers for the insurance can stabilize its family economic level,degree of satisfaction is low.The effect of housing credit enhancement to promote farmers’ small loans and help narrow the income gap is not significant in the concept of surveyed farmers,because farmers are extremely unfamiliar with small loans,do not understand and distrust is the attitude of farmers.The penetration rate of interest-free micro-loans in rural areas needs to be improved. |
