The Research About Poverty And Antipoverty Of Enshi Prefecture In Hubei Province

Poverty has become a major problem plaguing the development of all countries in the world, anti poverty has become a major task for countries in the process of economic development. Marx said there is a correlation between poverty and the level of economic development. As a low level developing country, China has relatively high poverty rate compared with the developed countries. So the Chinese government has always attached great importance to the problem of poverty, and is dedicated to exploring the most suitable anti-poverty policy for China. Thanks to the rapid economic development since the reform and opening up, China experienced a large reduction in the number of poverty population and a deep cut of the poverty rate. But in recent years the number of poor people is growing, suggesting the economic development could no longer eliminate poverty as it used to. So we should reconsider the severity of poverty and explore policy for the current national conditions in poverty alleviation. At present the poverty population in our country is gaining ground in the traditional poverty areas, mainly the rural areas and the minority areas, which brings great difficulty to the poverty relief work. The minority areas have particularly high poverty rates due to traditional historical factors, natural environmental and cultural factors. In these areas the economic development level is very low and the number of poverty population is large. In view of this situation, the government listed 14 areas as key areas for the current poverty alleviation at current, including the ethnic minority areas and border areas. So it will be a priority for the new generation of leaders to get the points of present poverty and bring forth new ideas for poverty alleviation. The government put forward "precise poverty alleviation" policy in the 2014 work report, including precisely confirming the poverty population and accurately making poverty alleviation plans. This policy proposed a new mode of national poverty alleviation, becoming a breakthrough for the poverty alleviation work.This thesis analyses the poverty and anti-poverty problems of Enshi Prefecture of Hubei Province based on the specific situation in this minority area. The paper firstly reviewed the Marxist theory about the problems of poverty and poverty eradication, and the attitude of western economics to the poverty problem. Then the paper studies the current status and characteristics of poverty in Enshi Prefecture, illustrates levels of economic development, per capita income and social development respectively, showing a poverty area with features like wide poverty area, deep poverty level and poverty in both material and cultural levels. The paper also studies reasons of poverty in minority areas of Enshi Prefecture, explains the natural environment, human conditions and capital conditions. About anti-poverty problem, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the fiscal policy of poverty alleviation, studies the effect of fiscal expenditure for poverty population, and concludes that there is a reduction in number of poverty population with the increase in fiscal expenditure. At the same time the use of financial sub funds also has certain influence on poverty rates, with each fund affecting the rate of poverty in different levels. So the paper suggestions to distinguish between primary and secondary in the use of financial funds, and particularly highlights the funds for key fields. In the last part of the paper, the author makes a recommendation based on causes of poverty and results of the empirical analysis, emphasizes the innovative mode of "precise poverty alleviation" and the use of financial funds.