Study On Route Optimization And Profit-Sharing Of Urban Fresh Products Joint Distribution

In recent years,with the vigorous development of China's economy and the continuous advancement of livelihood projects,people's requirements for life quality have grown higher and higher.When it comes to food,people are more likely to choose fresh products.As a result,the circulation of fresh products across regions is becoming more and more widespread,and the origin of people's daily food is no longer confined to the vicinity of cities.All of these put forward high requirements for fresh products cold chain logistics.However,compared with western developed countries,China's fresh products cold chain logistics started so late.There are still a lot of problems in its current development stage,such as poor infrastructures and equipment,low specialization level,low resource integration level and so on.As the end of the cold chain logistics,the urban distribution is even more underdeveloped.The distribution business is carried out by a large number of small or medium-sized enterprises in most cities.The market competitiveness and profitability of these enterprises are not that high.Therefore,it is necessary for those urban fresh products cold chain distribution enterprises to develop in groups.One way is to form a joint distribution alliance which can reduce the distribution cost and improve the service level at the same time.This paper focuses on the route optimization problem and the subsequent profit-sharing problem of joint distribution,hoping to get a feasible implementation plan of joint distribution.Firstly,by analyzing the special requirements for fresh products distribution and the advantages and difficulties of joint distribution,the necessity of joint distribution of urban fresh products is studied.Secondly,the main problems to be solved in the fresh products joint distribution and the main factors affecting the fresh products joint distribution are discussed.Based on these,a fresh products joint distribution route optimization model is constructed.In this optimization model,the time requirement of demand points and the influence of time-varying road network are considered.And the optimization objective of this model is to minimize the total cost which includes fixed cost of using vehicles,transportation cost,refrigeration cost,cargo damage cost of fresh products and penalty cost for arriving late.At the same time,an adaptive genetic algorithm with embedded optimization algorithm is constructed to solve this optimization model,which can calculate the distribution routes and total cost.Then,the above joint distribution route optimization model is used to calculate the distribution routes and total costs of several fresh product distribution enterprises under different cooperative combinations.Based on this,the Shapley value method,Raiffa method and Nash negotiation method are used to calculate the benefits that each enterprise should share in the joint distribution alliance.And the additional benefits that each fresh product distribution enterprise can obtain through joint distribution are analyzed.At last,the feasibility of the above model and algorithm is verified by calculating the joint distribution case of four fresh products distribution enterprises in city B.In this case,the distribution routes when these enterprises cooperate to implement joint distribution are better than the routes when these enterprises distribute their cargo individually.And the total cost of distribution is reduced to a certain extent by implementing joint distribution.Moreover,through the profit-sharing scheme proposed in this paper,the four enterprises can all make profits through joint distribution,which verifies the feasibility of joint distribution alliance.The route optimization model and the profit-sharing model proposed in this paper can provide some reference for other enterprises to form a joint distribution alliance.