The Impact Of Paternalistic Leadership To Employee Bootleg Innovation:The Mediating Role Of Psychological Safety

Innovation is the primary driving force for development,and it is also one of the important magic weapons to maintain the core competitiveness of enterprises.It has played an important role in China's economic development.However,constrained by many factors,many companies have difficulty maintaining competitiveness through effective innovation.The book "The Dilemma of Innovators" mentions that the opportunity cost is greatly increased due to the excessive regulations and constraints of the organization,which makes many mature and well-developed companies unable to achieve continuous innovation.Because enterprises are constrained by internal conditions such as strategic resources and external environments such as market changes in innovation practices,some employee innovation projects may not be accepted or recognized by the enterprise.When members are unable to achieve their innovation goals at the organizational level,they may take informal innovation activities without formal recognition by the enterprise.This behavior is referred to by academics as "Bootleg Innovation".On one hand,existing research has confirmed that bootleg innovation play a certain positive effect in breaking the bottlenecks,improving the performance of exploratory innovation,and even bringing "unexpected" innovation results to enterprises;On the other hand,bootleg innovation has the characteristics of confrontation and deviation,employees may disregard corporate regulations and break away from corporate control.When the value of innovation cannot compensate for the loss of efficiency caused by deviation from standardized implementation,it may reduce corporate innovation output.Therefore,under the scenario of system rigidity and command violation,the behavioral illegal characteristics of employees' bootleg innovation will pose huge management challenges for entrepreneurs and managers.However,the existing research cannot fully reveal the "black box" of the internal mechanism of bootleg innovation,especially the lack of a psychological perspective to explain the reasons for catalyzing employee' bootleg innovation,which limits the effective understanding of entrepreneurs and managers,and then further rationally guiding and control employees' bootleg innovation behavior.Bootleg innovation has become an important content and problem of enterprise management in the new era.On one hand,the behavior of individuals will be affected by their own internal driving forces,on the other hand,they will be infected by direct superiors to a large extent.It has become the consensus of the academic circles that the different behavior styles and traitsexhibited by the superiors will have different effects on employees' innovative behaviors.Most of the managers or entrepreneurs in China show the paternalistic leadership style,which may be attributed to the special cultural background of our country.However,few scholars have explored the internal relationship between paternalistic leadership's behavior and employee' bootleg innovation behavior.How to balance the role of different dimensions under the overall framework of paternalistic leadership on employee bootleg innovation as a role outside behavior become an important issue facing both current researchers and practitioners.Based on the theoretical elaboration,the study from the perspective of paternalistic leadership,through reviewing and analyzing the literature,constructs theoretical model of the three-dimensional of paternalistic leadership(benevolent,moral and authoritarian)as independent variables,and psychological safety as mediator variable,and bootleg innovation as dependent variable.The research uses the employees of China's science and technology enterprises as the research object,uses AMOS17.0 and SPSS22.0 statistical software to analyze the effective data,and examines the practicality of the research model.The main conclusions are as follows: First,the benevolent leadership behavior of paternalistic leadership directly affects employees' bootleg innovation behavior,while moral behavior does not directly affect employees' bootleg innovation behavior,and authoritative behavior cannot directly negatively affect employees' bootleg innovation behavior;Second,employees' psychological safety directly and positively affects employees' bootleg innovation behavior;Third,the benevolent leadership behavior and moral behavior of paternalistic leadership can positively affect employees' psychological safety,and the positive effect of moral behavior leadership on employees' psychological safety is stronger than benevolent leadership behavior,and the authoritative leadership behavior is directly negative affect employees' psychological safety;Fourth,psychological safety plays a part of the mediating role between benevolent leadership behaviors and employee' bootleg innovation behaviors.Psychological safety plays a full mediating role between moral behavior leadership behavior and employee' bootleg innovation behavior and between authoritative leadership behavior and employee' bootleg innovation behavior.Finally,discuss the results of the empirical test,and some suggestions on how to use paternalistic leadership style to manage the employees' bootleg innovation behaviors in business activities are proposed,and points out insufficient research and future research directions.