A Study On The Spatial Distribution And Influencing Factors Of Consumer-oriented Service Industry In Shanghai From The Perspective Of Borrowed Size

China currently is in pursuit of high-quality development of the new urbanization,which requires constantly improving the quality of urbanization construction connotation.Although Shanghai's urbanization level is highly developed nationwide,the urbanization levels of its subordinate areas are different.For one thing,the speed of economic growth is different.For another,downtown population density is higher,but suburban areas' population scale is growing,and present the good momentum of growth in GDP,which is not only faster than the downtown area but also is to surpass in the total amount.This is not consistent with traditional agglomeration theory.In this context,the theory of borrowing scale is introduced,which is to say the urban function of a town is affected by its position in the urban network and its access to socio-economic resources and its functional development will exceed its population scale.Therefore,the purpose of this paper is to analyze the spatial layout of the consumer-oriented service industry in Shanghai based on the scale of neighborhoods and towns,to determine which parts borrowed size from the functional dimension,and to empirically analyze the specific influencing factors,so that we could find out how to better urbanize and improve the level of consumer-oriented service industry in Shanghai in the future.Based on borrowed size and relative theories of polycentricity and agglomeration economy as the foundation of theory study,I used the spatial layout of consumeroriented service industry in Shanghai as the entry point.After building an index of consumer-oriented service industry,I combined it with the population scale to determine the borrowing size phenomenon in every neighborhood and town.Finally,I utilized beta regression to conduct the empirical analysis of the borrowed size effect and found out the specific influencing factors.The research procedure was explained as follows.Firstly,based on the POI data of Gaode map,the spatial distribution of the consumer-oriented service industry in Shanghai was analyzed in ArcGIS using the kernel density from both aspects of quantity and classification.And the POI entropy index was further calculated to measure the variety of facilities and its spatial distribution was illustrated.Secondly,the number of all kinds of consumer-oriented service facilities in different regions is calculated into the consumer-oriented service index of all the neighborhoods and towns,so that borrowing size can be determined by combining it with the population distribution.Then,the consumer-oriented service index was served as the dependent variable,and the independent variables are population,urban-rural system classification,the proportion of rural enterprises,road density,the amount of subway stations,the amount of bus stations,whether there is 4A and above tourist attractions,accommodation facility density.An econometric regression analysis based on the concept of borrowed size was conducted.Finally,based on the previous analyses and the master plan of Shanghai development,main problems were put forward,the current development rules of the consumer-oriented service industry were summarized,and corresponding suggestions were given from the aspects of spatial layout and management guidance.The results showed that(1)the central activity area was the core of the consumeroriented service facilities in Shanghai generally,while the diversity level is high in the north and low in the south(except Chongming district);(2)the development level of consumer-oriented service industry is not strictly based on the population size,and the results of the determination of the borrowing size effects indicated that not only small towns can borrow size,but also the central city has realized the functional borrowing.Moreover,good traffic connectivity not only enables towns to borrow size regardless of the limitation of geographic distance,but also leads some other towns to face more intense competition;(3)Population size and traffic connectivity(within the region and with the central city)both have positive effects on realizing borrowing size,but for different types of services,the degrees of the effects differ from each other;(4)the tourism potential and differentiated competition could contributed to higher level of consumer-oriented service industry.Therefore,the integrated development of industries should be encouraged to form differentiated competition and the development and application of new technologies such as information technology should be valued to improve the development of consumer-oriented service industry.