Research On Export Competitiveness Of Chinese Manufacturing Industry From The Perspective Of Value Added Trade

With the continuous deepening of the new international division of labor system,the degree of vertical specialization has gradually increased,and the international division of labor has shifted from product refinement to production,that is,countries have gradually transformed from producing products that match their own comparative advantages to specializing in their own comparative advantages.Consistent production links.The geographical decentralization of production has led to the rapid development of intermediate product trade.The mode of production of goods has changed from "made in one country" to "made in the world." At the same time,the global trade model has shifted from "goods trade" to "mission trade." The current traditional total value trade statistics are based on the final value of export products and ignore the role of intermediate goods trade.With the rapid development of intermediate goods trade,traditional trade statistics methods will repeatedly calculate a certain amount of trade and cannot accurately reflect the real situation of each country.The trade gains have greatly deviated from the added value actually created in each link.Therefore,the "statistical phantom" problem of traditional gross value trade statistics has aroused widespread concern of the international community.The "value-added trade" accounting method has gradually received official attention and recognition.This statistical method uses input-output technology to The added value generated in production is counted,which effectively avoids the deficiencies of traditional gross trade statistics,and truly reflects the foreign trade status of various countries.Since joining the WTO,China's manufacturing industry has experienced rapid development,and its export scale ranks first in the world.However,the value-added content of exports to China is not large,especially for communications equipment,computing and other electronics industries.Processing trade exports account for a higher proportion.In this case,using traditional gross trade statistics to measure the competitiveness of China's manufacturing exports will create a certain bias.At the same time,in recent years,with the sluggish global demand and slowing economic growth,economies around the world have proposed the slogan of revitalizing manufacturing.Transform,optimize the industrial layout of the manufacturing industry,and enhance the division of labor in the global value chain.In addition,in the face of the hollowing out of the manufacturing industry,the United States also proposed a manufacturing return policy,hoping to revive its manufacturing glory.In order to seize the opportunity of the manufacturing revolution,Germany took the lead in proposing "Industry 4.0".Therefore,the use of value-added statistical methods is of great strategic significance to analyze the true competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry and increase its pos ition in the global value chain.Based on the perspective of value-added trade,this paper first uses the OECD-TiVA database to measure China's manufacturing industry from 2005 to 2015 in terms of export scale and export structure,and compares it with traditional gross trade statistics to analyze "statistical illusions." problem.Secondly,the eight countries including the European Union,ASEAN,Japan,South Korea,India,Australia,Brazil,and the United States are compared with the Chinese manufacturing industry.The in-depth analysis of the horizontal and vertical dimensions using the explicit comparative advantage index and trade competitiveness index is made.Export competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry.Finally,based on Porter's "Diamond Model",five major indicators such as labor cost,foreign direct investment,R&D investment,vertical specialization,and the level of development of productive service industries were selected to conduct a multiple regression analysis of the factors affecting the competitiveness of China's manufacturing exports.Based on the regression results,relevant policy suggestions are proposed.An overview of the full text can lead to the following conclusions:Firstly,the traditional gross trade statistics method has exaggerated the scale of China's manufacturing industry to a certain extent,distorting the scale of trade and actual gains,but the distortion has gradually decreased in recent years,and high-and high-tech manufacturing has gradually become China's manufacturing Industry's pillar industry.Secondly,the export competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry shows a trend of rising first and then falling,and it remains the same.The export competitiveness of low-tech and low-tech manufacturing industries is relatively strong,while the export competitiveness of high-tech and high-tech manufacturing industries is weaker than Japan and South Korea and other major developed countries.Thirdly,in addition to labor costs,which have a significant inhib itory effect on the improvement of China's manufacturing export competitiveness,foreign direct investment,R&D investment,vertical specialization,and the level of development of productive services can positively improve China's manufacturing industry.Export competitiveness.Therefore,this article puts forward countermeasures and suggestions in terms of increasing investment in research and development,cultivating emerging industries,vigorously developing the production service industry,and rational use of foreign capital.