Study On Coupling And Regulation Of Water And Land Resources In Wenshan City Of Karst Mountain Area

Land degradation,water shortage,and low utilization of water and land resources in karst poverty-stricken mountainous areas of southwestern China have become key factors restricting socio-economic development.There is an urgent need to study water and land resource utilization schemes based on ecological environmental protection and socio-economic development.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the zoning regulation and development model of water and land resources in karst poverty-stricken mountainous areas from the perspective of coupling coordination degree of water and land resources and resource and environmental carrying capacity(RECC).The research follows the context of “research background ? literature review ? research methods ? empirical analysis”.Wenshan City,a typical plateau karst mountain area in Southeast Yunnan Province,is selected as the empirical study area.The basic ideas and method systems applicable to the karst mountainous areas were established for the evaluation of the coupling coordination degree of water and land resources,RECC,and zoning regulation of water and land resources from the aspects of water and land resource utilization characteristics,water and land resource coupling and coordination status,resource and environmental conditions,and socioeconomic development status in karst mountainous areas.The coupling coordination model and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method combined with GIS technology were used to evaluate the coupling coordination degree of water and land resources and the RECC in Wenshan City of karst mountain area.Six water and land resources regulation zoning are divided according to the spatial combination of coupling coordination level and RECC level,and corresponding development models are proposed from the perspectives of industrial development,improvement of water and land resource utilization efficiency,and protection of ecological environment.The research results have important reference value for the socio-economic development of karst poverty-stricken mountainous areas and the enhancement of the ability to carry human activities,especially for the research on the methods and approaches of water and land resources regulation in China and even in the global karst poverty-stricken mountainous areas.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The overall level of water and land resources coupling and coordination is relatively high in Wenshan City of 2017,which belongs to the coordination category.From the perspective of coupling coordination level,highly coordinated area is the largest,accounting for 58.88% of the total area,followed by moderate coordinated area,accounting for 36.30%,and low-coordinated area is the smallest,accounting for only 4.82%.The coupling and coordination degree of water and land resources is the best in the city center,followed by the west,southwest,and middle,while the northwest,east,and southeast are poor.At the same time,the coupling and coordination degree of water and land resources shows a consistent pattern with the spatial distribution of rocky desertification in Wenshan City.The higher the degree of rocky desertification,the lower the degree of coupling and coordination,indicating that land degradation has a great impact on the degree of water and land resources coupling and coordination.(2)The characteristic mean value of the RECC is 3.0987 of Wenshan City in 2017,which belongs to a medium carrying level as a whole.From the perspective of carrying grade,the medium carrying area is the largest,accounting for 89.38% of the total area,followed by high carrying area,accounting for 10.23%,and low carrying area is the smallest,accounting for only 0.39%.High carrying capacity is mainly distributed in areas with developed socio-economic,good environment and rich resources;medium carrying capacity is widely distributed in areas with common resources,environment and socio-economic conditions in the central,southwest and eastern;low carrying capacity is mainly distributed in areas with poverty and obvious rocky desertification in the north,west and south.The resource carrying capacity is mainly medium,accounting for 75.87% of the total area,followed by low carrying and high carrying,accounting for only 19.55% and 4.57%,respectively.The higher carrying capacity are mainly distributed in the southeast,central,southwest,and northwest,while the carrying capacity is relatively lower in the west,northeast,and south.The environmental carrying capacity is mainly high-carrying,accounting for 81.20% of the total land area,followed by the medium carrying capacity and the ideal carrying capacity,accounting for 18.17% and 0.63%,respectively.The carrying capacity is higher in the north,southwest,and central,while the carrying capacity is relatively weak in the east,southeast,and west central areas.Socio-economic carrying capacity is mainly low carrying capacity,accounting for 51.22% of the total area,followed by medium carrying and high carrying capacity,accounting for 37.62% and 11.16%,respectively.The socio-economic carrying capacity of the urban area is the highest,while that of the north,southwest and south is weak.(3)Six water and land resources regulation zoning are divided according to the spatial combination of coupling coordination level and RECC level,and corresponding development models are proposed from the perspectives of industrial development,improvement of water and land resource utilization efficiency,and protection of ecological environment,i.e."Urban Comprehensive Function Development + Compound Development and Utilization Model" in Zone I,"Characteristic Leisure Agriculture + Modern Urban Agriculture Model" in Zone II,"Plateau Characteristic Economic Fruit Forest + Grain Crops + Industrial Park Brand Model" in Zone III,"Three-dimensional Development of Forests,Fruits,Medicines and Fungi in Plateau Mountain + Cash Crops + Green High-quality Rice + Ethnic Cultural Tourism Model" in Zone IV,"Garden Ecological Economy + Rocky Desertification Landscape Planting and Ecological Tourism + Eco-breeding Mode" in Zone V,"Ecological Restoration and Protection Model" in Zone VI.The six development models are conducive to the improvement of water and land resource utilization efficiency and the protection of the ecological environment,can promote socio-economic development and enhance the capacity to carry human activities.